Роль миграции в усилении контрастов расселения на муниципальном уровне в России

Известия РАН. Серия географическая. 2016. № 5. С. 46–59.

Karachurina L. B., Mkrtchyan N. V.

The paper analyses migration balance in urban districts and municipal areas of Russia in 2012-2014 from the perspective of migration balance impact on concentration and deconcentration of the population. We evaluate the general distribution of the municipal unities of this level across the country taking into account the population density characteristics and current ratio of sparsely and densely populated territories. The results of the analysis demonstrate that in nowadays Russia the concentration of the population is intensifying, thus contributing to the growing gap between densely populated cities and deserted territories of poorly inhabited zone. In contrast to many European countries as well as to the USA, where the processes of concentration and deconcentration of population have been replacing each other during the last several decades, Russia keeps the population concentration trend unchanged. The paper looks at two migration flows: 1) from intra-regional periphery to the center – the outflow intensifies as the distance from the center grows; 2) from municipal units with low population density to densely populated territories, primarily to big cities. We also evaluate the role of certain types of migration (intra-regional, interregional and international) in the process of concentration and deconcentration of the population.

Keywords: внутренняя миграция, periphery, deconcentration, миграция населения, internal migration, migration of population, муниципальные образования, система расселения, концентрация населения, centre, municipal districts, центр, периферия, Concentration of Population, Settlement Systems, деконцентрация населения