Аналитический обзор экспериментальных исследований обыденных моральных суждений о войне

Социология: методология, методы, математическое моделирование. 2026. Т. 35. № 2. С. 131–163.

Gajiyev A.

This article presents an overview of experimental studies comparing ordinary moral judgments about wars with normative models (international humanitarian law and just war theory). Based on an analysis of works in this area, a typology of research designs is proposed based on four key parameters: the object of assessment, the degree of scenario realism, the method of presenting conditions, and the role of normative models in design. The proposed typology serves as an analytical tool for explaining the inconsistency of research findings regarding the characteristics of ordinary moral judgments about wars. The advantages of the experimental approach in establishing the determinants of judgments are identified, as well as its limitations associated with the artificiality of the scenarios and the focus on discrepancies with normative theories. Prospects for overcoming these limitations through methodological pluralism and an appeal to non-experimental research strategies are outlined.

Keywords: экспериментальные исследования, социология морали, международное гуманитарное право, теория справедливой войны, техника виньеток, обыденные моральные суждения, моральная психология, нормативные модели