Аутсайдерское искусство и философия ХХ века: дискурсивные сближения

Международный журнал исследований культуры. 2021. № 1(42). С. 94–108.

Суворова А. А.

The article investigates a discursive convergence in the philosophy of the 1920s–1970s, from existentialism (Karl Jaspers, Martin Heidegger, Jean-Paul Sartre) to the postmodern (Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari), related to the formation and legitimization of the field of creativity of mentally ill and outsider art. The theoretical basis of the research is the theory of discourse, according to which the phenomenon was constructed by the sum of statements. The emergence of the discourse of Outsider Art, among the instances of differentiation, there were philosophical works in which marginality, otherness, liminality were described as specific “points of growth” for the formation of a new phenomena. Trough the discourse analysis of theoretical philosophical texts was revealed the specificity of the formation of the discourse of strangeness, marginality and was analyzed the influence of these discursive displacements on the field of “strange art” such as on the art of the mentally ill (1920s), on the phenomenon of art brut (second half of the 1940s) and the concept outsider art and the active institutionalization of this field (1970s). In the field of philosophical reflection appeared the concepts and phenomena of the strange and marginal “zeroing” of the experience of the immediately preceding culture.

Keywords: дискурс, экзистенциализм, эстетика, философия искусства, Мартин Хайдеггер, Жиль Делез, Жан-Поль Сартр, Феликс Гваттари, Аутсайдерское искусство, Карл Ясперс, Жан Дюбюффе, искусство душевнобольных, ар брют