?
Отношение сотрудников НКВД и работников промышленности к узникам фильтрационных лагерей, 1942-1945 гг.
First time in the historiography, this article explores the relations between NKVD’s filtration camps staff and free workers with the Red Army servicemen returned from the captivity and the encirclement. Considering the achievements and problems in the anthropology studies it analyzes the nature of they interactions and the external factors that had an influence on it: the independence of the bodies responsible for filtration from the camps administration, the ambivalence of the inmates status and the regime of they detainment, the ambiguity of propaganda background. The division on groups had an influence too: the camps administration allocated a part of inmates from the common masses, who could have estimated on a better attitude; the appearance in the camps the «collaborants» led both for the greater stigmatization and the growth of a trust to the former POWs. The most close contacts with the inmates had the private guards, who often had been recruited from the successfully passed the filtration inmates. The relations between them more often had not conflict, but a mutually beneficial way. It analyze shows the importance of the factors, that rare taking into account when describing the prison guards, which status is very close to the prisoners. The command staff in the filtration camps could have sympathized to the former POWs or openly hate them, which indicates that the personal factors had a great value. The directors and the common workers on the facilities could have considered the former POWs as the future colleagues and full-right citizens, but another one demonstrated a disregard and an aggression, acted against the fulfillment plans of production, what shows the strong influence of a propaganda. So, it couldn’t been identified the only one main factor which determined the attitudes to the filtration camp’s inmates. In the behavior of guards and workers in different situations could appear both the determination by the externals factors and the free will.