Эмпатия: динамика поведения на фоне глобального стресса пандемии COVID-19 в России

Сибирские исторические исследования. 2024. № 2. С. 144–163.

Буркова В. Н., Butovskaya M., Ермаков А. М., Галимханов А. Б., Емельянов А. В., Зинурова Р. И., Калиниченко О. В.

Objective of the study: analysis of the dynamics of empathic behavior,
measured using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, in Russia during three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Analysis of the relationships between empathy, anxiety and
aggression during the pandemic. Research of human behavior during a pandemic
contributes to understanding the best ways to adapt to global stress. Empathy can have
both positive (development of mutual assistance and cooperation during COVID-19)
and negative consequences (risk factor for depression and increased anxiety) for mental
health. The study examined the dynamics of empathy during three waves of the
pandemic in Russia, as well as the relationship between empathy, anxiety and
aggression. The presence and nature of relationships were tested through multivariate
analysis of covariance and regression analysis. The total sample was 7,174 people and
was collected among students from several regions of Russia. Russian-language
versions of questionnaires for empathy by Interpersonal Reactivity Index, for
aggressive behavior by Buss-Perry, and for anxiety Generalized Anxiety Disorder
(GAD-7). A large sample from different regions of Russia during three waves of the
COVID -19 pandemic shows the dynamics of empathic behavior: the minimum level
of empathy was observed during the first wave, then reached its maximum by the
second phase, and began to decline by the third. Significant positive correlations of all
empathy scales with anxiety were also found - more empathic people had higher selfratings
of stress. Associations with aggression are more complex depending on the
empathy scale and the aggression scale. Since the beginning of the pandemic, there has
been an increase in empathy followed by a decrease. There is a relationship between
empathy scales, anxiety levels and aggression scales.

Keywords: эмпатия, anxiety, empathy, стресс, COVID-19, COVID-19

Publication based on the results of: Interactions between homoarchical and heterarchical cultures in varying historical contexts (2024)