«Результат химической борьбы блестящий, посевы защищаются, настроение бодрое»: Борис Уваров и борьба с саранчой на Ставрополье в 1911–1914 годах

Природа. 2018. № 1. С. 42–51.

Федотова А. А., Kouprianov A. V.

Sir Boris Uvarov (1886–1970) became widely known after his move to London (1920) as an orthopterologist and organizer of locust control in the colonies of the British Empire. The present paper is focused on his early steps in the field of applied entomology: his first anti-locust campaign in Stavropol Krai (1911–1914), which seemed to be useful for his skills of a locust fighter. In 1900–1910s, chemical warfare on insect pests was spreading in Russia replacing old-fashioned “mechanical” methods. Novel technologies required a deep reorganization of anti-locust service, including hiring skilled workers and scientific experts. The role of Fyodor Lebedev (an expert in pest management at the Department of Agriculture, 1858–1927) in the early stages of the campaign was decisive. The technologies of chemical warfare and organization of antilocust squads as well as specifics of organizing an antilocust campaign under contemporary political and economical conditions are described.

Keywords: Ставрополье, Russian Empire, Российская империя, история сельского хозяйства, 1910s, 1910-е гг., history of technology, история технологий, history of agriculture, Sir Boris Uvarov, Уваров, Борис Петрович, locust control, insecticides, Stavropol region, Fyodor Lebedev, борьба с саранчой, инсектициды, Лебедев, Федор Николаевич