Конфуцианский комментарий в эпоху Хань

Ученые записки Крымского федерального университета имени В.И. Вернадского. Исторические науки. 2020. Т. 6 (72). № 1. С. 17–36.

Bonch-Osmolovskaya O.

This paper explores some aspects of the Confucian exegetical system during the Han period (206 BC – 220 AD). The analysis is based on the research of the types of Confucian commentary which formed or became highly engaged in Confucian exegetics during this period. A detailed study of the process of the formation of Confucian commentarial types allows tracing key trends in Confucian exegetical thought. The rule of Han dynasty is one of the most important periods in the history of Confucian exegetics, the period when not only canonical studies were institutionalized and first texts were canonized, but when an intellectual foundation and a vector for the further development of this area were established, which considerably determined moments of its future prosperity and decline. This paper surveys main features of commentarial types which were widely used in Han exegetics – zhang ju 章句, xungu 訓詁, zhu 注, jie 解, jian 箋 – and discusses their origin, specific functions as well as the reasons why there was a need to develop new ways of interpreting canonical texts. This offers a window into the development of the exegetical features of Western and Eastern Han periods. While the majority of Han commentaries were lost, some of them were reconstructed in Qing collections, mentioned in Standart Histories or at least in bibliographic treaties. All this gives a lot of material to analyze how zhang ju became unpopular, who and why supported xungu, why commentaries of zhu type were revolutionary for Confucian exegesis, what the main specialization did the commentary of jie type have and why jian-commentaries never became widely used among Confucian scholars. 

Keywords: конфуцианство, Confucianism, экзегетика, classical studies, Han era, эпоха Хань, Chinese exegesis, Confucian exegesis, Five Classics, конфуцианская экзегетика, каноноведение, Пятиканоние, Confucian commentary, Jingxue, конфуцианский комментарий, цзинсюэ