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"Шёлковый путь" и китайские прямые инвестиции в высокотехнологичные отрасли ЕС
This article presents a study of the dynamics of the distribution of Chinese direct investment in high-tech industries within the EU. The influence of Chinese FDI on the EU regulatory policy and the specifics of bilateral relations between the PRC and the EU member states in the field of high technologies was also studied. In addition, the paper presents a brief forecast of the development of investment relations between the EU and the PRC. Based on data from the China Global Investment Tracker, the article analyzes the dynamics of Chinese investment flows to the EU in the time interval from 2005 to 2019. The distribution of Chinese investments by EU member states and sectors of national economies before and after the creation and implementation of China's strategy of economic development "One Belt - One Road". Using a structured semi-formalized online survey of employees of high-tech companies located in the EU, the paper describes the specifics of cooperation with Chinese investors, the personal attitude of survey participants to the growth of Chinese investment capital in the EU and the respondents' opinion on the prospects for the development of investment relations between the EU and PRC. Based on the results of the empirical analysis, the following conclusions were formed: China seeks to increase the export of capital to the EU, especially in the high-tech and infrastructure sectors. The EU's strategic response is to develop common regulatory rules. However, the countries of Central and Eastern Europe are interested in increasing Chinese investment inflows much more than their western neighbors, than they are increasing differentiation within the integration union. In addition, the implementation of the "One Belt - One Road" program in recent years has strengthened the positions of such southern European states as Italy, Greece, Portugal, as global information technology and infrastructure hubs within the framework of China-EU investment relations. At the same time, the consequences of Brexit, the global pandemic and the growth of protectionist sentiments of the EU leadership towards Chinese FDI will certainly have a negative impact on the volume of investment flows from China to the EU in the short term.