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July 20, 2026
Scientists Create Open Dataset for Studying Concentration
A team of Russian researchers, including scientists from HSE University–St Petersburg, has developed the first open multimodal dataset containing recordings of brain activity, heart function, and video observations to help researchers understand what happens in the human brain during deep concentration. In the future, the dataset could accelerate the development of neural interfaces, rehabilitation technologies, and AI systems. The article has been published in Scientific Data.
July 20, 2026
‘Science Is Universal-It Knows No Borders
Fuad Aleskerov, Tenured Professor and Director of the International Centre of Decision Choice and Analysis at HSE University, together with his colleagues, has developed methods of network analysis in bibliometrics that have made it possible to identify patterns in the appearance and citation of publications in academic journals, as well as their influence on each other. When one or a number of studies are frequently cited by a wide range of journals, this is an indicator that the research is of high quality. By contrast, extensive cross-citation within a limited group of journals increases the likelihood of identifying a network of predatory publications.
July 20, 2026
Scientists Propose Method for More Efficient Resource Use in Machine Learning
An international group of researchers, including mathematicians from the AI and Digital Science Institute at the HSE Faculty of Computer Science, has provided a theoretical justification for a simple and computationally efficient method of estimating uncertainty in Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD). The paper has been published on the scientific preprint server arXiv.org and presented at AISTATS 2026.

 

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Explaining Civil Society Development: A Social Origins Approach

Johns Hopkins University Press, 2017.
Salamon L. M., Sokolowski S. W., Haddock M.
Leading author: Salamon L. M.

The civil society sector—made up of millions of nonprofit organizations, associations, charitable institutions, and the volunteers and resources they mobilize—has long been the invisible subcontinent on the landscape of contemporary society. For the past twenty years, however, scholars under the umbrella of the Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project have worked with statisticians to assemble the first comprehensive, empirical picture of the size, structure, financing, and role of this increasingly important part of modern life. 

What accounts for the enormous cross-national variations in the size and contours of the civil society sector around the world? Drawing on the project’s data, Lester M. Salamon, S. Wojciech Sokolowski, Megan A. Haddock, and their colleagues raise serious questions about the ability of the field’s currently dominant preference and sentiment theories to account for these variations in civil society development. Instead, using statistical and comparative historical materials, the authors posit a novel social origins theory that roots the variations in civil society strength and composition in the relative power of different social groupings and institutions during the transition to modernity. 

Drawing on the work of Barrington Moore, Dietrich Rueschemeyer, and others,  Explaining Civil Society Development provides insight into the nonprofit sector’s ability to thrive and perform its distinctive roles. Combining solid data and analytical clarity, this pioneering volume offers a critically needed lens for viewing the evolution of civil society and the nonprofit sector throughout the world.

Chapters
Russia: A Classic Statist Model
Mersiyanova I. V., Kononykhina O., Sokolowski W. et al., , in: Explaining Civil Society Development: A Social Origins Approach.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2017. Ch. 14 P. 223–236.
The civil society sector—made up of millions of nonprofit organizations, associations, charitable institutions, and the volunteers and resources they mobilize—has long been the invisible subcontinent on the landscape of contemporary society. For the past twenty years, however, scholars under the umbrella of the Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project have worked with statisticians to assemble ...
Added: December 11, 2017
Introduction: The Puzzle of Civil Society Development
Salamon L. M., , in: Explaining Civil Society Development: A Social Origins Approach.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2017. P. 1–15.
The civil society sector—made up of millions of nonprofit organizations, associations, charitable institutions, and the volunteers and resources they mobilize—has long been the invisible subcontinent on the landscape of contemporary society. For the past twenty years, however, scholars under the umbrella of the Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project have worked with statisticians to assemble ...
Added: December 11, 2017
What Is to Be Explained? Variations in Civil Society Development
Salamon L. M., Sokolowski S. W., Haddock M., , in: Explaining Civil Society Development: A Social Origins Approach.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2017. P. 19–44.
The civil society sector—made up of millions of nonprofit organizations, associations, charitable institutions, and the volunteers and resources they mobilize—has long been the invisible subcontinent on the landscape of contemporary society. For the past twenty years, however, scholars under the umbrella of the Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project have worked with statisticians to assemble ...
Added: December 11, 2017
Explaining Civil Society Development I: Preference and Sentiment Theories
Salamon L. M., Sokolowski S. W., , in: Explaining Civil Society Development: A Social Origins Approach.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2017. P. 45–73.
The civil society sector—made up of millions of nonprofit organizations, associations, charitable institutions, and the volunteers and resources they mobilize—has long been the invisible subcontinent on the landscape of contemporary society. For the past twenty years, however, scholars under the umbrella of the Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project have worked with statisticians to assemble ...
Added: December 11, 2017
Explaining civil society development II: The social origins theory
Salamon L. M., Sokolowski S. W., , in: Explaining Civil Society Development: A Social Origins Approach.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2017. P. 74–90.
The civil society sector—made up of millions of nonprofit organizations, associations, charitable institutions, and the volunteers and resources they mobilize—has long been the invisible subcontinent on the landscape of contemporary society. For the past twenty years, however, scholars under the umbrella of the Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project have worked with statisticians to assemble ...
Added: December 11, 2017
Testing the Social Origins Theory
Salamon L. M., Sokolowski S. W., , in: Explaining Civil Society Development: A Social Origins Approach.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2017. P. 91–124.
The civil society sector—made up of millions of nonprofit organizations, associations, charitable institutions, and the volunteers and resources they mobilize—has long been the invisible subcontinent on the landscape of contemporary society. For the past twenty years, however, scholars under the umbrella of the Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project have worked with statisticians to assemble ...
Added: December 11, 2017
Research target: Sociology (including Demography and Anthropology
Priority areas: sociology
Language: English
Text on another site
Keywords: Russiacivil societycivil society institutessocial origins
Explaining Civil Society Development: A Social Origins Approach
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