?
Интерфейс мозг-компьютер: опыт построения, использования и возможные пути повышения рабочих характеристик
Brain-computer interfaces find application in a number of different areas and have the potential to be used for research as well as for practical purposes. The clinical use of BCI includes current studies on neurorehabilitation ([Frolov et al., 2013; Ang et al., 2010]), and there is the prospect of using BCI to restore movement and communication capabilities, providing alternative effective pathways to those that may be lost due to injury or illness. The processing of electrophysiological data requires analysis of high-dimensional, nonstationary, noisy signals reflecting complex underlying processes and structures. We have shown that for non-invasive neuroimaging methods such as EEG the potential improvement lies in the field of machine learning and involves designing data analysis algorithms that can model physiological and psychoemotional variability of the user. The development of such algorithms can be conducted in different ways, including the classical Bayesian paradigm as well as modern deep learning architectures. The interpretation of nonlinear decision rules implemented by multilayer structures would enable automatic and objective knowledge extraction from the neurocognitive experiments data. Despite the advantages of non-invasive neuroimaging methods, a radical increase in the bandwidth of the BCI communication channel and the use of this technology for the prosthesis control is possible only through invasive technologies. Electrocorticogram (ECoG) is the least invasive of such technologies, and in the final part of this work we demonstrate the possibility of using ECoG to decode the kinematic characteristics of the finger movement.