Динамика и структура причин смерти молодежи России и Европы

Профилактическая медицина. 2016. Т. 19. № 4. С. 7–14.

Nikolayuk E. A.

In modern Russia youth mortality is higher than in European countries, and over the past 50 years this gap has widened. The aim of this article is to trace the dynamic of youth mortality in Russia in 1959-2014, to compare it with European counties and based on the analysis of differences in the causes of death to understand due to what factors the gap has grown over the past 50 years. To achieve this aim the analysis was implemented. As a result, it’s set that the main differences in Russian youth mortality are appeared in the mortality level of the classes “External causes of death” and “Cardiovascular diseases”. Incomplete epidemiological transition and catastrophic increase in mortality from these main causes of death in 90th in Russia widened the gap in mortality level with European countries. Downward trend in youth mortality in Russia on such rubrics in the class “External causes of death” as “Transport accidents” and “Intentional self-harm” began to form from the mid-late 2000s. In turn, in European countries this tendency was observed at the end of XX century. High mortality of young people is defined by both objective factors (quality and availability of medicine) and subjective factors (self-estimated health, care for health, attitude towards medicine, risk-taking behavior, value of their own life and life of others). Subjective factors connect with vital behavior – people actions, aimed at the preservation of physical, corporal and psychological health. Unlike other classes of causes of death, the class “external causes of death” reflects directly the tendency of young people to risky behavior and unfavorable environment conditions. Therefore the difference in mortality level between Russian and European youth is difficult to overcome without any changes in Russian youth vital behavior.

Keywords: эпидемиологический переход, самосохранительное поведение, причины смерти, external causes of death, внешние причины смерти, causes of death, youth mortality, vital behaviour, epidemiological transition, convergence-divergence of mortality, смертность молодежи, конвергенция-дивергенция смертности

Publication based on the results of: Demographic development in Russia in 2005-2015 in the context of long-term trends (2016)