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Роль глобального и локального сходства признаков в задаче зрительного поиска
Вопросы психологии. 2014. № 4. С. 107-117.
Tiurina N., Utochkin I. S.
Utochkin I. S., Journal of Vision 2013 Vol. 13 No. 3 P. 1-14
Four experiments were performed to examine the hypothesis that abstract, nonspatial, statistical representations of object numerosity can be used for attentional guidance in a feature search task.Participants searched for an odd-colored target among distractors of one, two, or three other colors. An enduring advantage of large over small sets (i.e., negative slopes of search functions) was ...
Added: July 30, 2013
Tiurina N., Utochkin I. S., Вопросы психологии 2013
Недавние исследования показали, что многие характеристики множества объектов могут быть представлены в виде сводной статистики по всему множеству, например, средний размер объекта в множестве. Статистические свойства рассчитываются как глобальная характеристика множества объектов при восприятии свойств отдельных объектов. Предположительно, статистические свойства множества могут быть связаны с эффективностью зрительного поиска. Для проверки этого предположения проведено экспериментальное исследование ...
Added: October 25, 2013
Gorbunova E. S., Acta Psychologica 2017 Vol. 173 P. 46-54
Visual search for multiple targets can cause errors called subsequent search misses (SSM) – a decrease in accuracy at detecting a second target after a first target has been found. One of the possible explanations of SSM errors is perceptual set. After the first target has been found, the subject becomes biased to find perceptually ...
Added: September 27, 2016
Utochkin I. S., Психологический журнал 2010 Т. 31 № 3 С. 25-32
Distractor's effect (stimulus which is irrelevant at a certain moment and ignored) on task solving efficiency is considered. It is revealed that according to problem situation and connection with target stimulus any distractor can produce two opposite effects: negative - interference and positive - redundancy effect. Distractor effects' classification based on one of possible grounds ...
Added: October 2, 2012
Falikman M., Journal of Vision 2017 Vol. 17 No. 10 P. 76-76
The word superiority effect (Cattell, 1886) is discussed in psychology for more than a century. However, a question remains whether automatic word processing is possible without its spatial segregation. Our previous studies of letter search in large letter arrays containing words without spatial segregation revealed no difference in performance and eye movements when observers searched ...
Added: December 4, 2017
Utochkin I. S., Journal of Russian and East European Psychology 2011 Vol. 49 No. 3 P. 24-39
Theoretical accounts of attention and its role in involuntary remembering are discussed within the frameworks of P.I. Zinchenko and levels of processing by Craik and Lockhart. A levels-of-attention framework is proposed on the grounds of the ideas discussed. In the experimental study participants had to perform orienting tasks with words under four different instructions implying ...
Added: January 20, 2013
Pokhoday M., Myachykov A., Psychology. Journal of the Higher School of Economics 2018 Vol. 15 No. 2 P. 209-221
One of the topics in current psycholinguistics research is studying the factors affecting syntactic choice in sentence production. Previous research suggests that syntactic choice results from an interplay between linguistic and non-linguistic factors, and a speaker’s attention to the elements of a described event represents one such factor. It is a well-established fact that our ...
Added: September 25, 2018
Chernyshev B. V., Безсонова В., Chernysheva E. G. et al., Психологический журнал Международного университета природы, общества и человека Дубна 2012 № 3 С. 1-7
Работа посвящена изучению структуры взаимосвязей между параметрами темперамента, поведенческими данными и когнитивными вызванными потенциалами в ситуации внимания. Задача, стоящая перед испытуемыми, состояла в различении стимулов слуховой модальности при реализации методики одд-болл. Показано, что более эффективная и стабильная реакция испытуемых на целевой стимул сопровождалась рядом определенных характеристик поздних когнитивных вызванных потенциалов: меньшей амплитудой N2, большей амплитудой ...
Added: December 3, 2012
Панасюк Я. А., Matselepa O., Chernyshev B. V. et al., Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology 2012 Vol. 42 No. 6 P. 567-574
Tonic brain activity has significant influences on the nature of a subject’s responses to target sensory stimuli. We report here studies of the dynamics of the background activity in the gamma-rhythm range of the EEG in rabbits during execution of an “active oddball” paradigm modified for animals – a task widely used for studies of ...
Added: December 6, 2012
Natalia A. Zhozhikashvili, Yulia M. Nurislamova, Nikita A. Novikov et al., / Высшая школа экономики. Series PSY "Psychology". 2017. No. WP BRP 81/PSY/2017.
Outcome of a behavioral response can be detected either internally at the time of the response commission, or externally through a feedback signal. In both cases, a number of brain networks that subserve cognitive control are recruited, all networks having certain distinctive signatures in electroencephalographic oscillations. Yet most studies in the field have several limitations. ...
Added: October 19, 2017
Kotov A. A., Kotova T., Власова Е. et al., Вопросы психолингвистики 2012 Т. 2 № 16 С. 136-144
В эксперименте испытуемые запоминали объекты в условиях, когда они были ранее названы или одним словом, или двумя. Как оказалось, наличие двух слов привело к ухудшению запоминания индивидуальных свойств предметов, в отличие от условия с одним словом. Такой эффект интенции значения - спонтанной активацией категоризации в присутствии слова – впервые обнаружен на искусственном материале. ...
Added: January 2, 2013
Gorchakov Y. V., Taratuhina Y., Вестник РГГУ. Серия "Информатика. Информационная безопасность. Математика" (Российская Федерация) 2020 № 2 С. 8-26
In this paper the authors consider the cross-cultural and cognitive aspects of the semiotic information transmission, namely, how information is exchanged and interpreted by representatives of different cultural groups in the context of business processes. The article deals with the issues of subjective perception of information, the visual effectiveness of business process models and their ...
Added: October 16, 2020
Tomas, E., Vissers C., Frontiers in Neuroscience 2019 P. 1-10
Although the Developmental Language Disorder (DLD), also known as Specific Language Impairment in children has been the focus of unceasing scientific attention for decades, the nature and mechanisms of this disorder remain unclear. Most importantly, we still cannot reliably identify children requiring urgent intervention among other ‘late talkers’ at an early age and understand the ...
Added: January 21, 2019
Utochkin I. S., Yurevich M., Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 2016 Vol. 42 No. 7 P. 995-1007
The heterogeneity of our visual environment typically reduces the speed with which a singleton target can be found. Visual search theories explain this via nontarget similarities and dissimilarities that affect grouping, perceptual noise, etc. Here, we show that increasing the heterogeneity of a display can facilitate rather than inhibit visual search for size and orientation ...
Added: October 24, 2014
Gorbunova E. S., Falikman M., Advances in Cognitive Psychology 2019 No. 2 P. 75-88
The current study investigated the relationships between attention, word processing, and visual field asymmetries. There is a discussion on whether each brain hemisphere possesses its own attentional resources and on how attention allocation depends on hemispheric lateralization of functions. We used stimuli with lateralized processing in an attentional task presented across the two visual hemifields. ...
Added: May 29, 2019
Utochkin I. S., Tiurina N., Acta Psychologica 2014 Vol. 146 P. 7-18
In their recent paper, Marchant, Simons, and De Fockert (2013) claimed that the ability to average between multiple items of different sizes is limited by small samples of arbitrarily attended members of a set. This claim is based on a finding that observers are good at representing the average when an ensemble includes only two ...
Added: October 25, 2013
Martynova E., Shakirova S. A., Lyusin D., / Высшая школа экономики. Series PSY "Psychology". 2022. No. 131.
The main aim of this study was to examine how happiness and anxiety influence emotional Stroop effect. According to the principle of emotion congruence, information processing is facilitated if its emotional tone matches an individual’s mood. The first hypothesis suggested that emotional Stroop effect would be greater with stimuli incongruent with a participant’s emotional state. ...
Added: June 14, 2022
Utochkin I. S., The Russian Journal of Cognitive Science 2016 Vol. 3 No. 1-2 P. 4-20
Observers are able to extract summary statistical properties, such as numerosity or the average, from spatially overlapping subsets of visuals objects. However, this ability is limited to about two subsets at a time, which may be primarily caused by the limited capacity of parallel representation of those subsets. In our study, we addressed several issues regarding subset representation. In four experiments, we presented observers with arrays of dots of one to six ...
Added: July 4, 2016
Boris V. Chernyshev, Bryzgalov D. V., Lazarev I. E. et al., NeuroReport 2016 Vol. 27 No. 11 P. 837-842
Current understanding of feature binding remains controversial. Studies involving mismatch negativity (MMN) measurement show a low level of binding, whereas behavioral experiments suggest a higher level. We examined the possibility that the two levels of feature binding coexist and may be shown within one experiment. The electroencephalogram was recorded while participants were engaged in an ...
Added: August 31, 2016
В.В. Шульговский, М.В. Славуцкая, И.С. Лебедева et al., Физиология человека (перевод) 2015 Т. 41 № 4 С. 37-43
We studied the features of cognitive functions of attention and decision making in 18 healthy subjects and 15 patients with schizophrenia with the use of pairs of two short visual stimuli (double step). In the group of patients with schizophrenia, we observed a higher number of errors and higher frequency of modified saccad ic pattern ...
Added: July 17, 2015
Chernyshev B. V., Novikov N., Nurislamova Y. et al., В кн. : Материалы XXIII съезда Физиологического общества им. И. П. Павлова (18-22 сентября 2017 г., г. Воронеж). : Воронеж : Истоки, 2017. С. 980-982.
Cognitive control is a set of processes that are responsible for flexible goal-directed behaviour. We did a series of electroencephalographic experiments during the auditory condensation task. The findings obtained allow distinguishing three brain networks that carry out adaptive processes after error commission. We also show that increased response time is associated with lower level of ...
Added: October 27, 2017
Chernyshev B. V., Medvedev V., / Издательский дом НИУ ВШЭ. Series WP BRP "PSYCHOLOGY". 2016. No. WP BRP 70/PSY/2016.
In tasks involving response choice based on certain stimulus-to-response mappings, at least two stages of information processing may be involved: (1) formation of sensory stimulus object representations leading to stimulus identification, and (2) application of stimulus-to-response mappings (i.e. “task rules”) to these representations leading to response selection. Most of the research done in this area ...
Added: December 25, 2016
Malevich T., Rybina E., Ivtushok E. I. et al., Acta Psychologica 2020 Vol. 208 P. 103107
Inhibition of return (IOR) represents a delay in responding to a previously inspected location and is viewed as a crucial mechanism that sways attention toward novelty in visual search. Although most visual processing occurs in retinotopic, eye-centered, coordinates, IOR must be coded in spatiotopic, environmental, coordinates to successfully serve its role as a foraging facilitator. ...
Added: October 22, 2019
Utochkin I. S., Journal of Vision 2015 Vol. 15 No. 8 P. 1-14
Ensemble summary statistics represent multiple objects on the high level of abstraction—that is, without representing individual features and ignoring spatial organization. This makes them especially useful for the rapid visual categorization of multiple objects of different types that are intermixed in space. Rapid categorization implies our ability to judge at one brief glance whether all ...
Added: September 7, 2015