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Международная мобильность исследователей социальных и гуманитарных наук: стратегии адаптации и последствия для профессиональной деятельности
The article presents the results of a qualitative study of the impact of long-term international mobility on the professional development of researchers in the social sciences and humanities. Against the background of the global growth of competition for human capital, the mobility of scientists has become an integral feature of the modern academic landscape. However, unlike STEM disciplines, the specifics of social sciences and humanities, including language barriers, contextual rootedness and locality of academic markets, create additional challenges for their adaptation and professional development after mobility.
The analysis is based on the theory of the researcher's three careers (cognitive, organizational, and community careers) by J. Glaser and G. Laudel. Using this approach allows us to find that relocation affects these career dimensions unevenly: organizational career turns out to be closely related to the national and local context, community career depends on the branching of social and professional ties and the level of international recognition, cognitive career is determined by the universality of competencies. The empirical database consists of 21 in-depth interviews with Russian researchers of social sciences and humanities who have left Russia and have been living abroad for more than one year.
Three key strategies of adaptation and effects on professional development after mobility were identified: reassembling the network of contacts; reconfiguration of professional identity (going into applied research or retraining); transition to less qualified positions. The analysis shows that long-term mobility can both stimulate professional growth and lead to deprofessionalization, stagnation of cognitive career and loss of social capital. The results highlight the need to develop targeted support measures for mobile researchers in the social sciences and humanities, taking into account their career stage and disciplinary specifics.