Степун, славянофильство, Кант

Вопросы философии. 2025. № 7. С. 77–85.

Kantor V.

In his article, V. Kantor addresses what seems to be an old topic – the controversy between the Slavophiles and the Westernizers, but the temporary situation in which this dispute takes place, that is, the beginning of the 20th century, largely changes the pathos of this conflict. The Russian philosopher Fyodor Stepun, who studied in Heidelberg with Windelband and Rickert, two famous neo-Kantians, enters the dispute and throws Kant into the scales. It is clear to him that the Russian Slavophiles went through the Schelling-Hegelian school and built their worldview on the ideas of German romanticism. The author of this article bases his argument on Stepun’s article “The Past and Future of Slavophilism” and shows that, having well mastered the lessons of great German thinkers, the Slavophiles bypassed Kant, without taking into account his ideas, as Stepun believes, their system does not receive the status of genuine philosophy. It is curious that in the 1910s there was a fierce controversy about Kant, who was rejected by the leader of the Bolsheviks who defeated Russia. However, later, thanks to the great writer M. Bulgakov, Kant’s name returned to the cultural space. The article is devoted to the analysis of this episode.

Keywords: Stepun, Kant, Владимир Соловьев, Schelling, Шеллинг, Slavophilism, славянофильство, Vladimir Solovyov, немецкий романтизм, Mikhail Bulgakov, German romanticism, Кант, Федор Степун, Михаил Булгаков, I. V. Kireevsky, И.В. Киреевский, positive all-unity, положительное всеединство

Publication based on the results of: National philosophy and culture: spiritual and moral values (2025)