«Как академик он должен быть примером всем»: исследования В.И. Ламанского о М.В. Ломоносове

Социология науки и технологий. 2024. Т. 15. № 3. С. 46–67.

Malinov A. V.

The article deals with the studies of the Slavist Vladimir Ivanovich Lamansky devoted to the biography of Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov. It is noted that Lamansky's works on Lomonosov were timed, first of all, to the jubilees of the scientist (1861, 1865, 1911). In total, he published three monographic studies on Lomonosov, including a large number of rare archival documents. Lamansky's works on Lomonosov were the main part of his historical and scientific research and studies on the history of the Russian eighteenth century. Lamansky's approach is interesting in that it largely creates the myth of Lomonosov as a national cultural hero who, along with the first Russian emperor Peter the Great, created a new Russia, which still defines the perception of the Russian scientist. It is pointed out that contemporaries and subsequent historiography paid particular attention to Lamansky 's criticism of German domination of the Academy of Sciences. The works on Lomonosov were a fragment of the struggle for the Russification of national science, in particular the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg. For Lamansky himself, however, the criticism of the German element in the Academy of Sciences was only part of his civilisational conception of the confrontation between two worlds: the Greco-Slavic and the Germanic-Roman. The premise of Lamansky's interpretation of Lomonosov was the Slavophile division of the Earth (society) and the State, in which the Russian scientist acted as a representative of society, its creative potential, and as an example of national genius. Lamansky's studies of Lomonosov were overshadowed by later detailed works, but they, especially the archival part, have not lost their scientific value.

Keywords: Ломоносов, Slavophilism, славянофильство, Academy of Sciences, Петербургская Академия наук, Lomonosov, Lamansky, Ламанский, Greek-Slavic world, Romano-Germanic world, Russification of science, греко-славянский мир, романо-германский мир, русификация науки

Publication based on the results of: Nature in the optics of digital culture: paradoxes, hybrids, phantasms (2024)