Сельско-городская миграция в современной России через призму количественного и качественного анализа

Крестьяноведение. 2024. Т. 9. № 2. С. 153–179.

Карцева М. А., Mkrtchyan N. V., Florinskaya Y.

The authors consider the Russian rural-urban migration, focusing on its current trends. The migration loss of rural population has decreased slightly; however, the outflow from rural areas depends on multidirectional processes in suburbs and peripheral villages. According to the Russian Federal State Statistics Service, rural periphery continues to experience a strong migration decline, while the suburban village rapidly grows due to migration. Based on the microdata of the sociological survey “People, family, society” conducted by the INSAP RANEPA in 2023 and econometric techniques, the authors examined rural-urban migration as related to the labor market and income. The article shows that individual decisions to move from rural to urban areas are rational and economically justified, since such a migration improves one’s position in the labor market, increases wage and per capita income. The identified motives for migration from rural to urban areas and its social-economic drivers were confirmed by a series of in-depth interviews conducted in the summer of 2023.

Keywords: города, зарплата, employment, доходы, занятость, сельское население, сельская местность, income, wage, rural population, сельско-городская миграция, rural-urban migration, rural area, cities