Проявления отклоняющегося поведения за рулем у россиян

Мониторинг общественного мнения: Экономические и социальные перемены. 2022. № 6. С. 356–377.

Maksimenko A., Сафронова Е. А., Дейнека О. С., Забелина Е. В., Шевченко И. Г.

The analysis of the publica­tions of foreign researchers allowed us to identify some factors that cause de­viant behavior on the roads. In order to test the driving behavior questionnaire (DBQ) and make a psychological diagno­sis of driving deviance on a Russian sam­ple (1,383 people), an online sociological survey was carried out. It was checked for constructive (factorial) validity and re­liability to solve the methodological prob­lem of testing the questionnaire. Explor­atory factor analysis of the survey data allowed us to identify three factors of de­viant driving behavior: low driving culture, a sense of superiority, and carelessness. Confirmatory factor analysis stated the final (a posteriori) model of deviant driv­er behavior, consisting of three factors and corresponding to the initial data on the indicators of the consent indices. We found that such social and demographic factors as gender, the degree of urbani­zation, and the level of subjective income of respondents are associated with de­viant behavior on the roads. Aggressive driving style with dominance and demon­stration of superiority is more often man­ifested in men, in residents of megacities and large cities, and in wealthier drivers. There is more hostility, demonstrative­ness, and less tolerance and politeness towards other drivers in the behavior of representatives of these social groups. It is also proven that the higher the cog­nitive empathy, the lower the deviance in driving.Keywords: Russian driving psychology, aggressive driving style, deviant behavior.

Keywords: эмпатия, empathy, awareness, осознанность, Russian driving psychology, aggressive driving style, deviant behavior on the road, driving behavior question­naire (DBQ), психология россий­ского водителя, агрессивный стиль автовождения, девиантное поведение на дороге, опросник поведения за рулем