Основания неоконсерватизма

Тетради по консерватизму. 2016. Т. 1. № 1. С. 101–116.

Pavlov A.

The article focuses on neoconservatism, its history and evolution as a political and intellectual movement. The article describes the following points: origins of neoconservatism, its transformation in recent years, personalities who represent the movement, reasons of its success. According to the author the rise of neoconservatism is mostly based on its pragmatism and flexibility. The author also points out that neoconservative influence on the US foreign policy is exaggerated, mostly by the media. The Media created «demonic neocons» image. High-level politicians made serious decisions (like Iraq invasion) which followed neoconservative agenda not because of neoconservative influence but because of their own persuasions. The article also describes the differences between neoconservatism and other factions of conservative movement. Author gives brief descriptions of various views on neoconservatism origins. He also offers his own vision, concentrating on three key sources
of neoconservative concept – views of Irving Kristol, political philosophy of Leo Strauss and practical implementation of neoconservatism by US Senator Henry M. Jackson. The author proves that initially neoconservatism was not homogenous. For example, Irving Kristol – leading neoconservative – did not find foreign policy interesting and only later started to delve into it. Originally, foreign policy was given to another neoconservative wing – editors and authors of “Commentary” magazine.

Keywords: neoconservatism, неоконсерватизм, идеологии, Leo Strauss, Лео Штраус, american conservatism, американский консерватизм, ideologies