Развитие сферы гражданской деятельности на Урале во второй половине XIX – начале XX века в освещении современной уральской историографии

Исторический бюллетень (Российская Федерация). 2023. Т. 6. № 3. С. 73–81.

Кайдышева Н. Н.

The goal of this study is to present the main achievements of modern Ural historiography in the field of the formation and development of civil society in the Urals in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries, and to identify prospects for further research. Such leading researchers of the history of civil relations development in the Ural region, as E.Yu. Kazakova-Apkarimova, N.A. Nevostruev, I.V. Poberezhnikov were mentioned in the article. The main areas of research were revealed, including the study of the development of elements of civil society, in particular, the activities and specifications of public organizations, the development of the public sphere, the relationship between government and society. Other defined areas of research were the formation of civil identity of certain population groups, especially the intelligentsia, and forms of manifestation of citizenship, in particular charitable activities. Modernization processes, which took place primarily in the industrialized regions of the Urals, led to the democratization and rationalization of all spheres of public life, the emergence of professional, economic, political associations, an increase in the number of members of public organizations, and progressive changes in the goals and forms of their activities. The study revealed the main factors for the development of the civil activity, considered in the works of Ural researchers, in particular, the active development of industry, the emergence of municipal and zemstvo self-government bodies. Ural historian’s findings, concerning the expansion of civil relations beyond the boundaries of the Ural cities at the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries, make it possible to determine the study of civil activity in the industrial settlements of the Urals as a vector for further research.

Keywords: гражданское общество, самоорганизация, civil society, self-organization, post-reform period, Уральский регион, Ural region, Ural historiography, уральская историография, пореформенное время