Book
Bridging Formal and Conceptual Semantics: Selected Papers of the BRIDGE Workshop 14, Studies in Language and Cognition 4
This paper reports upon the study of the lexico-grammatical distribution of Russian matrix predicates selecting kakoj remarkable clauses (or so-called ‘embedded’ exclamatives) in the Russian National Corpus, with some cross-linguistic parallels. It reveals that Russian matrix predicates belong to four conceptual classes: perceptual, mental, emotive, and speech. It shows that the phenomenon of ‘embedded’ exclamatives is irregular because: (1) matrix predicates seem to be lexically idiosyncratic and (2) the most frequent forms of matrix predicates (except for optatives) are on the way to be grammaticalized. The paper also suggests accounting for the observed distribution of predicates in terms of the Gricean maxims of conversation.
The article attempts to classify lexical units denoting a human being in English, paying special attention to substandard and informal words. These units constitute the periphery of a broad category “human being”. The article offers a semantic classification of these lexemes and describes the cognitive processes accounting for their differentiation.
The article deals with the problems of ambiguous terms that until recently were considered unambiguous. With the development of cognitive problems of terminology in the study terms of polysemy new approaches have appeared. Cognitive science found that cognitive processes are carried out systematically. Therefore, in the transmission of meanings, leading to the polysemy of the words and polysemy of the term, consistency is present. Accumulation of language material will allow making a breakthrough in the understanding of the status of polysemantic terms in linguistic terminology and their role in the processes of accumulation, transmission and creation of a new professional knowledge.
The paper aims at reconstructing and describing representation of knowledge about a human being in the English-speaking culture, i.e. building a concept "human being". For the purposes of verification, we map the language view of the world described through semantic data onto the general world view based on a set of opinions and beliefs. Significant overlap of these knowledge structures from defferent scientific areas proves the existence of close connections between Cognitive Linguistics and Philosophy - a science that combines the knowlegde about human beings.
Cognitive Linguistics offers an enticing possibility to approach time-honored linguistic problems from a new standpoint and view them in a new dimension. Proving this theory, all contributions in this volume are Slavic-oriented and thoroughly grounded in the framework of Cognitive Linguistics. The volume is composed of three thematic sections – grammar, semantics and discourse analysis with applied linguistics – representing fields of interest and simultaneously corresponding to levels of linguistic organization. The book offers studies on completability as an important parameter in the description of the Russian aspect system, application of Langacker’s theory of subjectification to the analysis of Russian perfective, interaction between aspect and modality in Slavic, morphological case architecture in Slovak, Czech dative-marked nominals, Russian instrumental of comparison, affirmation, possessive-locative constructions in Macedonian, lexical semantics, spoken discourse, metaphorical expressions in legal language and lexicography.
This article deals with metaphor studying in the light of cognitive linguistics. Metaphor modeling is used to research into metaphorization in English academic discourse in economics. The research focuses on the comparative analysis of metaphor at different levels of second language proficiency and professional competence.