Что дает год обучения российскому школьнику. На материалах PISA-2009: грамотность чтения

Вопросы образования. 2013. № 1. С. 107–135.

Tyumeneva Y. A., Kuzmina Y.

On the basis of PISA-2009 materials: Reading literacy The efficiency of one year of study was explored on the basis of PISA-2009 (reading) materials in seven countries: Russia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia, Germany, Canada and Brazil. An instrumental variable was used, which enabled to assess the effect of one year of study by the nonstrict method of regression discontinuity. The analysis included both general educational programs and vocational educational programs together and comprehensive schools separately. It is found that in Russia the efficiency of one year of study is insignificant to all programs’ students. In the countries where early division into general educational and vocational programs is practised, the efficiency of studying is lower than in the countries where all pupils of 15 years old learn a general educational program. For general educational programs’ students the efficiency of studying is significant in all countries. Compared to the general educational trajectory, low efficiency is typical of vocational programs’ students. The way a family’s socio-economic status and efficiency of school education are interrelated and how much they are interrelated depends a lot on an educational system and vary widely by country. In Russia, as well as in some other countries, efficiency of studying does not depend on pupils’ socio-economic indices. The importance of the results obtained for assessment of efficiency of studying is discussed, and particularly for fair assessment of national achievements in countries with different sets of educational trajectories. 

 

Keywords: образовательные траектории, PISA, чтение, reading, school, школа, межстрановые сравнения, эффективность обучения, PISA, cross-country comparisons, efficiency of studying, educational trajectories, general educational programs, vocational programs, prevocational programs, общеобразовательные программы, профессиональные программы, предпрофессиональные программы

Publication based on the results of: An in-depth study of the results of an international assessment of education standards and the Unified State Exam in the context of economic indicators in education (2012)