Ислам и предпринимательство в России

Журнал социологии и социальной антропологии. 2009. Т. XII. № 1. С. 32–51.

Susokolov A.

The article contains comparison between social-psychological profiles of the confessional groups of Russia (Muslims, Christian Orthodox, Jews) and content of canonical texts of these religions (in particular, Laws of Shariah). Psychological types and social norms are analyzed on the bases of the Russian urban sampling (2002-2004), using the KOMPASS methodology. The impact of historical conditions of the development of confessional groups on the norms of their market relations (especially containing in the Shariah) are considered. The data shows that such psychological types, as "innovators" and "socially responsible" are predominant among Muslims. The "organizational capability" is of high value among Muslims too. According to J. Shumpeter's conception, it is not profit, but those three aspects are of main importance in relation to "The Enterprising function" for any society. The author makes a suggestion, that some aspects of economical doctrine of the classic Islam could be more effective for dissolving the modern global crisis, than the remedies proposed by the liberal model of the world economics.

Keywords: предпринимательство, религия, economics, ислам, Шариат, religion, islam, social norms, социальные нормы, shariah, enterprising, psychological types, психологические типы