Справедливость в социологическом дискурсе: семантические, эмпирические, исторические и концептуальные поиски

Социологическое обозрение. 2019. Т. 18. № 1. С. 218–249.

Trotsuk I.

One of the key features of social sciences and humanities distinguishing them from technical
and natural sciences are the frequent intersections of their terminology with everyday discourse.
Some social concepts have completely different interpretations in sociological discourse and
everyday life, with the words “field” and “panel” as good examples. However, the majority of similar
concepts of everyday life and sociological research have quite the same content. The word “justice”
and its derivatives stand out in this set of terms, for hardly any other concept in human history is
saturated with political connotations, or requires little additional explanation when used in social-
economic debates or military conflicts. As a result, the word “justice” is widely used in all “life-
worlds” (i.e., according to A. Schütz, justice seems to be both a ‘first-order construct’ and a ‘second-
order construct’), which complicates its unambiguous conceptual and empirical interpretations
in sociological research. The article was supposed to be a review of two books, A History of Justice:
From the Pluralism of Forums to the Modern Dualism of Conscience and Law by P. Prodi, and The Idea
of Justice by A. Sen, providing a clearer conceptual definition of justice. However, it turned into
reflections with some theoretical and empirical examples on why such searches in sociology are
important and inevitable, but are unlikely to end with a satisfying result. This does not make such
searches meaningless, but rather utopian in nature, and essential for the self-identification of the
discipline through the questioning of its own conceptual foundations.

Keywords: справедливость, ценность, социальный порядок, рациональность, несправедливость, идеальная модель

Publication based on the results of: Between The Political Theology and The Expressive Symbolism: discursive formations of the late modernity as a challenge to the social order (2019)