Hedonic vs. Eudaimonic Ways of Living on the Path to Well-Being and Psychological Distress: Turkish Validation of HEMA-R

TURKISH PSYCHOLOGICAL COUNSELING AND GUIDANCE JOURNAL. 2025. Vol. 15. No. 77. P. 376–392.

Субаши М., Huta V., Osin E.

The Hedonic and Eudaimonic Motives for Activities-Revised (HEMA-R) measures eudaimonic, hedonic, hedonic pleasure, and hedonic comfort motivations. Eudaimonic motivation refers to the pursuit of valued goals and developing personal excellence. Hedonic pleasure motivation included pursuing enjoyment, and hedonic comfort motivation relates to comfort-seeking and pain avoidance. Hedonic motivation combines pleasure and comfort elements under a single factor. We tested the psychometric properties of the HEMA-R among Turkish-speaking university students (N = 255; Age mean = 22.56; Age range = 18 - 52) and adults (N = 460; Age mean = 28.33; Age range = 18 - 89). Confirmatory factor analyses among university students demonstrated both two-factor and three-factor solutions of the HEMA-R, while confirmatory factor analyses among adults identified a three-factor solution. The HEMA-R demonstrated good reliability. In both samples, eudaimonic motivation always had at least slightly more positive associations with well-being indicators compared to hedonic motivation, hedonic pleasure motivation, and hedonic comfort motivation, while having negative weak relationships in half of the analyses with ill-being indicators. Hedonic motivation had mostly weak positive associations with the majority of well-being outcomes, while surprisingly having weak positive associations with several indices of ill-being. Hedonic pleasure motivation had weak positive associations with the majority of well-being indicators, and hedonic comfort motivation did not have any association with some of the well-being indicators. They predominantly had no associations with ill-being indicators. Eudaimonic and hedonic indicators of motivation both related to need satisfaction and meaning in life indicators. The Turkish HEMA-R is a valid and reliable measure. Results show beneficial roles of well-being motives in well-being outcomes.

Ключевые слова: motivation, well-being, orientation, eudaimonia, psychological distress, hedonia, psychometric properties

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