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База русских идиом (БРИ) с нормированными психолингвистическими параметрами
The most developed classifications of Russian idioms are based on the description of the degree of semantic unity of idiom components. Data on this parameter are insufficient for conducting psycholinguistic studies of idiom language processing. As a consequence, the current study aims to fill this gap. The purpose of this study was to create a Database of Russian Idioms (DoRI) containing psycholinguistic parameters. This paper describes the results of creating a Database of 376 Russian idioms containing objective (calculated on the basis of corpora) and subjective (obtained during a survey of native speakers) psycholinguistic parameters. The survey involved 485 native Russian
speakers aged 18 to 76 years (M = 35.3, SD = 13.4). The results of participants whose native language is not Russian and those who indicated more than one native language were removed. A total of 29 respondents were excluded. Thus, the analysis was conducted based on the results of the final sample of 456 respondents (354 women, 93 men, 9 preferred not to indicate their gender). The objective parameters include: frequency of idioms, length (in words and symbols) and type of syntactic structure. The subjective parameters were: familiarity, occurrence, literality, predictability and place of recognition. Their significant influence on the processes of processing and generating idioms was described in works on experimental psycholinguistics based on the material of the English and German languages. This article, based on the experience of the listed studies, presents the first Russian-language resource with a list of idioms and their description according to objective linguistic and subjective psycholinguistic parameters. The validity of the obtained data is confirmed by the comparability of the values of the correlation coefficients of subjective parameters with the values from works based on the material of the English language. A distinctive feature of the DoRI is the description of lexical variability, as well as the analysis of the interaction of objective and subjective parameters, which were not provided in similar resources in other languages. The DoRI materials can be used in the practice of teaching Russian to schoolchildren
and foreign students, as well as in the selection of idioms as stimuli for psycholinguistic experiments.