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Двухпартийность в Крестьянской секции ВЦИК: практики взаимодействия большевиков и левых эсеров
This article is devoted to the research of the problem of interaction between the Bolsheviks and the left socialistrevolutionaries in the Peasant section of the С.E.C. – autonomous institution, which was an important state body for conducting of agrarian policy in the first six months of Soviet power. The purpose of the study is to characterize the methods of interaction between representatives of the two parties in the Peasant section and to illustrate the conflicts that occurred between the Bolsheviks and the left SRs within the framework of this state institution. Based on archival sources and materials of personal origin, the author examines the practices of interaction between representatives of the Bolshevik party and the left socialist-revolutionaries, studies the features of their joint work in the Peasant section, which included both cooperation and numerous conflicts. The article examines the process of formation of the Peasant section of the C.E.C. and its state activities in the conditions of the dual-party system. The author also examines in detail the interaction between the leadership of the Peasant section and the leaders of the Bolshevik party and comes to the conclusion that both the Bolshevik and left socialist-revolutionary leaders sought to maintain close relations until July 1918, despite growing ideological differences between the parties. The main role in communication with the Bolshevik leadership was played by the Chairman of the Peasant section, left socialist-revolutionary M. A. Spiridonova, who often made various requests personally to V. I. Lenin and other Soviet leaders. Close interaction between the leaders of the two parties was an important characteristic of the work of the C.E.C. and its institutions in the first six months of Soviet power. The author shows that both the Bolsheviks and the left SRs sought to use the Peasant section as an institution for conducting party agitation in the countryside. Ideological conflicts between the representatives of the RCP(b) and the left SRs in the section escalated in connection with the desire of the leadership of the Left socialist-revolutionary party to promote the idea of a revolutionary war with Germany among the peasantry. In many respects, this factor led to a crisis of cooperation between the two parties in the Soviet state bodies and caused a break in relations between them. The author comes to the conclusion that the interaction of the Bolsheviks and the left SRs in the Peasant section was a unique phenomenon in Soviet history, as the conducting of agrarian policy was entirely dependent on the position of the leadership of both socialist parties, which allowed the left SRS to have a significant influence on the work of state administration and implement some of their ideas and proposals.