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Профессиональный и социальный статусы как предикторы потребления алкоголя работающими россиянами
The authors of the article analyze the characteristics of alcohol consumption by working residents of Russia, depending on their professional and social status. The study is based on data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey of the National Research University Higher School of Economics for the period 2013-2019. The sample of the analysis included working women aged 16 to 55 and men aged 16 to 60.
The first part of the article is devoted to the analysis of the main trends in alcohol consumption among working Russians with different professional and social status.
The second part of the article presents the results of an empirical study of the relationship between the characteristics of a person's professional and social status and indicators characterizing the probability and volume of consumption of specific alcoholic beverages (beer, wine, vodka, etc.) and alcohol in general. Econometric analysis of relationships was carried out on the basis of a panel logistic model with a random individual effect and a Tobin panel model with a random individual effect. Estimates were made separately for men and women.
The regression analysis helped the authors find an increase in the probability of consuming alcohol in general, as well as wine and strong drinks (cognac, whiskey, liqueurs) for workers with the highest professional status (legislators; high-ranking officials; top and middle managers), as well as women with medium skill levels compared to low-skilled workers. At the same time, a tendency was found to reduce the probability of consuming vodka for the respondents of both gender groups with the growth of their professional status (most pronounced for women). In addition, there was a trend towards a decrease in the volume of alcohol consumed in general and in the context of specific drinks with an increase in the professional status of a person, with the exception of wine, the volume of consumption of which by men from the category "clerks and workers in trade and services" and “specialists of an average level of qualification; officials" exceeded the value of the corresponding indicator for low-skilled workers.
An analysis of the relationship between the social status of working Russians and the propensity to consume alcoholic beverages revealed an increase in the probability of consuming individual alcoholic beverages in representatives of both gender groups and the probability of consuming alcohol in general (in men) with an increase in the social status of an individual with more moderate consumption compared to workers with a lower social status (for men).
The results of this study can be useful in the development of alcohol policy measures aimed at reducing alcohol consumption among working Russians.