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Трактат В.В. Розанова «О понимании»: в поисках «цельности»
The problem of wholeness retains its relevance for philosophical knowledge. Relativism and pluralism, associated with the development of individual scientific branches, generates the problem of multiple descriptions of the world. The con sequence of this is the impossibility of understanding, the condition of which is wholeness. In modern philosophy this problem is considered in the context of two approaches, the bases of which are contradictory – rational and existential. For Russian philosophy the problem of wholeness is the key one, and its solution is carried out through the existential approach. This approach is demonstrated by the philosophical treatise “On Understanding” by V.V. Rozanov. At the same time, researchers of Rozanov’s early work note the combination of rational and existential approach in his treatise. In our opinion, a conceptual reconstruction of Rozanov’s doctrine can change and enrich the perspective of considering the problem of wholeness. This article is devoted to identifying the philosophical innovations that V.V. Rozanov in his treatise “On Understanding” contributes to the study of the problems of wholeness within the framework of Russian philosophy. The author raises the question of how Rozanov enriches the problematic of wholeness in the Russian tradition, and how he managed to synthesize the rational and existential approach in the context of this problem. To achieve this goal the author shows how the problem of wholeness is revealed in the doctrines of “sobornost” and “living knowledge” of the Slavophiles, the concept of “all-in-oness” and the true “sobornoe” knowledge of V.S. Soloviev, the philosophy of “sobornoe soznanie” and the authentic “soznanie” of S.N. Trubetskoy. The author makes a conceptual reconstruction of Rozanov’s doctrine of under-
standing in the aspect of the problems of wholeness. The thesis is defended that in the existential approach to the problem of wholeness, typical of Russian philosophy, Rozanov inconsistently integrates a rational moment, describing the mechanism of the appearance of ideas through the registration of being by the ideas of reason.