Использование принципов «регуляторной гильотины» и методов вычислительного права для анализа требований к качеству высшего образования

Вопросы государственного и муниципального управления. 2022. № 1. С. 78–100.

Knyaginina N., Jankiewicz S., Tikhonov E.

Now Russia is undergoing a reform of the control and supervisory activity of the “regulatory guillotine”, which is designed to signifi cantly reduce the number of mandatory requirements in the legislation, leaving only those that are necessary and should be controlled among them. In the presented article, the principles of this reform are applied to  the Federal State Educational Standards (FSES). Russian legislation understands the quality of education as compliance with these standards, but their number is extremely large, which previously made it diffi cult to systematically study them. However, the application of methods of computational jurisprudence made it possible to analyze one of the sections “Conditions for the implementation of the program” for 720 FSES of higher education (specialist’s, bachelor’s, and master’s degrees). Th e computer program generated a “generalized summary” of texts without loss of content (for all federal state educational standards for each level of education). It enabled combining duplicated and similar fragments, and noting and visualizing diff erences and variations in wording. Due to the program the volume of analysis has decreased by more than 35 times, and an expert assessment of all the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard became possible. Previously, this method has not been used in computational jurisprudence. As a result, the original tens of thousands of requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard were divided into four categories, three of which are recommended for exclus ion (for appropria te reasons), the rest are “mandatory requirements”. Th ese 5 generalized universal requirements are suitable for control and supervision activitie s, and liability can be established for their violation.

Keywords: ФГОС, natural language processing, LegalTech, регуляторная гильотина, вычислительное право