Ответственность иностранного менеджмента при банкротстве при банкротстве иностранной компании: пределы vis attractiva concursus и lex fori concursus. Часть II: российское преломление

Закон. 2026. № 8. С. 156–178.

Mokhova E.

The article is the second part of the study of the responsibility of foreign directors in the bankruptcy of foreign companies, where the issue is raised for Russian main and secondary (local) insolvency proceedings It is concluded that bringing foreign directors to subsidiary (vicarious) liability is justified in the main insolvency proceeding, but is not excluded and is permissible under certain conditions in the secondary insolvency proceedings. The author argues that, at the moment, the competence of the Russian court in these disputes is not characterised de lega lata as exclusive. The author argues that the close connection test for the issues of directors’ liability with the Russian main or secondary (local) proceedings will differ and for the latter it should have special justifications. It is concluded thatlex fori concursus is used as a special rule for applicable law for subsidiary (vicarious) liability in bankruptcy. Possible exceptions to the application of lex fori concursus in secondary (local) proceedings are discussed. Problematic issues for applying a truncated party autonomy at the choice of the creditor are analysed (para 4 of art. 1202 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation). Corporate liability is subject to the lex societatis, while complex issues of qualification and differentiation of types of liability are possible. The article raises the issue of the use of substitution (functional equivalence) to estimate management actions, as well as the application of a number of subsidiary (vicarious) liability rules as mandatory rules.

Keywords: cross-border insolvency, субсидиарная ответственность, трансграничное банкротство, lex fori concursus, lex fori concursus, vis attractiva concursus, vis attractiva concursus, directors' liability, основное производство, неосновное производство, main proceeding, non-main proceeding

Publication based on the results of: International protection of economic rights in the context of sanctions (2025)