Пространственный анализ смертности городского населения

Вестник Московского университета. Серия 5: География. 2020. № 5. С. 45–51.

Shartova N., Крайнов В. Н., Малхазова С. М., Тикунов В. С.

The article presents the regional analysis of the level and mortality structure in the urban population of the Russian Federation in cities with a population of more than 100 000. A methodology has been developed and a typological classification of Russian cities has been carried out. Groups of cities consisting eight male groups and six female groups with different levels and causes of male and female mortality have been identified and analyzed. The high female mortality rate was recorded in the oldest industrial centers of the Urals and Siberia. The high male mortality rate was recorded in the cities of the north of the European part of the Russian Federation, as well as in industrial cities of the south of Siberia. The external causes of death including murder and suicide was also played an important role along with the natural causes of death. A group of cities with a high male mortality rate due to external causes and socially significant pathologies (Kyzyl, Novokuznetsk, Ulan-Ude) was identified separately. The lowest female mortality rates belonged to the cities of the European territory located south of the Moscow region. Low male mortality rates, unlike female rate, was observed not only in cities of the European territory, but also in the Urals (Yekaterinburg, Tyumen), as well as in Western Siberia (Novy Urengoy, Nizhnevartovsk, Noyabrsk, Surgut, Tomsk). Traditionally, the minimum mortality rate in the Russian Federation was recorded in the cities of the North Caucasus. A more differentiated territorial distribution of male mortality rate was revealed. The dependence between mortality rate and the population of the city was identified. Most clearly this dependence was evident for women. The database and the methodology of research create opportunities for further analysis of the medical and demographic situation in cities with a detailed demarcation of age categories and causes of death.

Keywords: типология, typology, пространственный анализ, geospatial analisys, urban mortality, смертность городского населения