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Этническая идентичность русских женщин в межэтнических браках и ее связь с привязанностью к супругу и сепарацией от родителей
A comparative study of ethnic identity styles in correlation with the styles of attachment in a couple and separation from the parental family of women who are in intercultural and monocultural marriages is carried out. The main sample consisted of 198 Russian women aged from 21 to 55 years old (M = 36.1), including 84 women married to a representatives of their culture and lived in Russia, 114 - married to representatives of the titular nationality of one of 6 European countries and lived in the countries of their husbands. The following methods were used: “Multi-Item Measure of Adult Romantic Attachment – MIMARA” (Brennan, Shaver, 1995), adapted by Kryukova, Ekimchik (2016), “Attachment to Close People Inventory” (Sabelnikova, Kashirsky, 2015), “Questionnaire of psychological separation” by J. Hoffman (1984), adapted by Sadovnikova, Dzukaeva (2014), a Method for diagnosing types of ethnic identity (Soldatova, Ryzhova, 1998).
In general, the results of the study showed that women in interethnic marriages living in a foreign cultural environment, have more secure and positive attachment relationships, both with their parents and with their spouses; but their ethnic identity style is more extreme and is associated with internal conflict. Women from intercultural marriages revealed different features of ethnic identity depending on the length of their marriage. It is shown that the style of ethnic identity is closely connected with the attachment relationships. For women in a mono-ethnic marriage living in their native country, it is more associated with separation from parents, and for women in an interethnic marriage living in a foreign country, it is closer associated with attachment to their husbands. In both cases, positive ethnic identity is associated with unsecure attachment and dependence, and extreme forms of ethnic identity are associated with secure attachment and personal autonomy in relationships.
The results of this study allow the specialists to take into account the specific social situation of interethnic couples more accurately in the course of psychological, social and other assistance to such couples, to develop constructive ways of discussing and maintaining cultural differences in the couple.