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Использование краудфандинга в решении социальных и культурных проблем сельских территорий России
In this paper the term 'crowdfunding' is defined and it demonstrates how this
could be used as a potential solution for social and cultural issues in rural
communities. In the academic literature, crowdfunding is primarily examined
as a brand-new business tool, a way to collect new investment. However, a
large proportion of projects created on Russian crowdfunding platforms are
directly linked to cultural and social initiatives. Moreover, the sponsors of
such projects often forgo any material reward for participation and donate
their money without any incentives beyond the project’s completion. In light
of this fact it is important to examine socially-oriented crowdfunding projects,
their growth and spread in Russia; attempt to answer the question whether
they are more or less successful than other projects in respective crowdfund
-
ing platforms; track the geography of such projects and figure out if the
phenomenon is limited to developed urban areas of Russia. In order to achieve
that goal, the subjects (social crowdfunding project centered around rural
revitalization) were deliberately selected. For the purposes of this examina
-
tion, over two hundred projects launched between 2012 and 2017 were
chosen. All of these were from the two major Russian crowdfunding platforms:
Boomstarter
and
Planeta.ru
. The search centered around the keywords 'vil
-
lage', 'rural', 'hamlet' and 'countryside'. Projects were analysed based on their
fundraising success (a
successful project was defined as one that managed
to raise the initially declared amount, or a partial amount according to the
rules of the platform in allotted time), thematic differences and geographic
location. The examination showed that the chosen projects were in fact more
successful when compared to the platform average, thematic differences in
projects did not impact the success rate and geographically there were projects
from 54 subjects of the Russian Federation out of 85.