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Влияние конфуцианской традиции на вьетнамский песенный фольклор (на примере свода «Антология местных напевов», 1910 г.)
The article is devoted to the study of the literary miscellany “The Anthology of airs of the States” (Quốc phong thi tập hợp thái 國風詩集合採). Confucian scholar Nguyễn Đăng Tuyển collected this Anthology in 1910. “Airs of the States” (quốc phong 國風) is the name of one of the parts of the Book of Songs (Shi jing). This similarity is not a coincidence: the interest to the collection and interpretation of national song lore in Vietnam is closely related to the interest to the Shi jing and growth of Confucian spirit in the light of national liberation movement at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries. Confucian scholars were the first collectors of Vietnamese song lore, and they compared Vietnamese song lore with the Book of Songs, more precisely, with the “Airs of States”. The author analyzes how Vietnamese Confucians drew an analogy between this book of the Confucian canon by the example of the “Anthology of airs of the States” and examines whether there is a similarity in the content, form and commentation of these literary monuments. All the songs (ca dao) in this anthology are represented at three types of writing: Vietnamese Latin characters (chữ quốc ngữ), Vietnamese logographic writing system based on Chinese characters (chữ Nôm), Chinese translation and also accompanied by commentary in Chinese. Comments are made in accordance with Chinese tradition of commentation of Confucian canonical books and all the songs are translated in Chinese in the metre that is typical for Shi jing. Songs in “Anthology…” reflect different themes, that also resembles the diversity of songs in “Airs of the States”. The fact that the first who began to gather Vietnamese song lore were the Confucian scholars, influenced the perception of Vietnamese songs in general. Even in modern Vietnamese folk song studies songs are commonly analyzed using Confucian categories fu, bi and xing that are typical for Confucian comment to the canonical books. Moreover, the term “ca dao” used for folk songs and verses, has Chinese origin and is a Vietnamese transcription of Sinitic words “ge” and “yao” that mean songs recorded by the Music Bureau (Yuefu 樂府).