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Russian Competition law in light of the principles of ex post and ex ante
Высшая школа экономики
,
2014.
No. 4.
Totyev K. Y.
This article is devoted to the legitimation and application of the standards of ex post and ex ante by courts and the executive authorities in the sphere of competition regulation. The postulates of ex post and ex ante are considered as legal principles. The principle of ex post is intended solely for judicial and administrative application; it has a deontological framework; it assumes that the legality of the activity of economic entities is assessed only on the basis of positive legal criteria in terms of the subjective rights violated; it is limited to a particular case. The traditional approach to the principle of ex post limits the scope of its application on the subjects and excessively expands its objects. The postulate of ex ante has a utilitarian basis which assumes the assessment of the application of relevant rules in the future. One of the main aims of the article is to refute the common view of lawyers and economists that a legislator applies principle of ex ante not being bound by principle of ex post, while it is the other way around for the courts and the executive authorities. The principle of ex ante may be applied not only in the process of the creation of new rules but also at the application stage for existing rules on economic competition. This is justified because the arguments of the courts and the executive authorities about a refusal to take into account the consequences of a decision in a particular case are not convincing.
Totyev K. Y., Вестник Федерального арбитражного суда Московского округа 2013 № 3 С. 77-86
The article is concerned with those aspects of the theory and practice of legal settlement that are relevant to questions about the evaluation of legal settlements in scope of antitrust. The problem is about the settlements concluded between Federal Antimonopoly Service of Russia and businesses. The contemporary debate about these settlements in Russia is presented ...
Added: March 12, 2014
Totyev K. Y., Законы России: опыт, анализ, практика 2013 № 8 С. 23-32
This article is concerned with those aspects of the theory and practice of legal settlement that are relevant to questions about the evaluation of legal settlements in scope of antitrust. The problem is about the settlements concluded between businesses and at the same time obeying the domestic competition law. The contemporary debate about these settlements ...
Added: March 12, 2014
Totyev K. Y., Законы России: опыт, анализ, практика 2012 № 5 С. 68-73
The article deals with the problem of nullity and voidability of legal transactions that violate the competition law. It is sharply critical of the ruling point of view that is widely thought to be an informed opinion. This article concludes that mentioned attitude suffers from grave shortcomings (including its inconsistency with constitutional principle of legal ...
Added: September 26, 2012
Totyev K. Y., Конкурентное право 2012 № 1 С. 18-22
The article deals with the problem of systematization of rules concerning the protection of competition. It analyzes two directions of this systematization (logic and valuable ordering). The author considers that neither logic, nor valuable systematization of the antimonopoly legislation has been realized by the Russian legislator. ...
Added: September 26, 2012
Totyev K. Y., Законы России: опыт, анализ, практика 2010 № 6 С. 67-78
One of the modern lines of the Russian competition law is strengthening of public sanctions for its infringement. However practical application of these sanctions is possible only at full conformity of circumstances of concrete case to all conditions of application of measures of responsibility. These conditions are listed in the administrative legislation, in the criminal ...
Added: October 19, 2012
Golovanova S., Современная конкуренция 2015 Т. 9 № 4(52) С. 65-76
Non-competitive behavior of auction participants is a serious problem, leading to losses of economic efficiency of projects where the mechanism is used. Such violations are quite common in Russia and are traditionally in the focus of attention of antitrust authority. In practice, the prosecution of competition-restricting agreements is often problematic, given the diversity of their ...
Added: December 13, 2015
Totyev K. Y., Законы России: опыт, анализ, практика 2015 № 2 С. 93-98
The article deals with the purposes, subject and conditions of the legal settlement withthe competition authority. Based on the analysis of the modern judicial practicethe author states that the legal settlement with the competition authority allows the reduction of the administrative punishment to the minimum leveland relates the reduction to the actionsto ensure competition. The ...
Added: February 27, 2016
Totyev K. Y., В кн. : XII Международная научная конференция по проблемам развития экономики и общества. В четырех книгах. Книга 4. Кн. 4.: М. : Издательский дом НИУ ВШЭ, 2012. С. 180-187.
Представляемый доклад посвящён выявлению и оценке экономико-правового механизма взаимодействия между антимонопольным законодательством и государственной экономической политикой. В нём раскрываются:
1) особенности понятийного аппарата и правовых норм, содержащихся в законодательстве о защите конкуренции и позволяющих проводить с их помощью определённую экономическую (конкурентную) политику;
2) препятствия, делающие антимонопольное законодательство непригодным для реализации определенной экономической (конкурентной) политики или текущего изменения ...
Added: June 4, 2012
Golovanova S., Журнал Новой экономической ассоциации 2013 № 4(20) С. 110-132
Theoretical background for reasons that cause the owner of essential facilities to restrict competition in downstream markets provided. Examining the particular Russian antitrust cases the author discusses whether the essential facilities doctrine may be helpful to solve the problem. While the doctrine seems to be quite efficient when considering infrastructure industriesits use in other casesis ...
Added: December 9, 2013
Totyev K. Y., / Высшая школа экономики. Series LAW "Law". 2014.
This article is devoted to the legitimation and application of the standards of ex post and ex ante by courts and the executive authorities in the sphere of competition regulation. The postulates of ex post and ex ante are considered as legal principles. The principle of ex post is intended solely for judicial and administrative ...
Added: April 17, 2014
Zhuravlev M., Право интеллектуальной собственности 2014
The article concerns the problem of competition law and IP law interaction. There is an analysis of different opinions on the issue of extending antitrust prohibitions over the exercise of exclusive IP-rights which has the purpose to determine the necessity and reasonableness of amending the Russian antitrust legislation. The article provides arguments supporting the point ...
Added: October 13, 2014
Totyev K. Y., Конкурентное право 2014 № 1 С. 2-8
The article is devoted to two legal strategies of the Russian competition law, based on the principles of ex post and ex ante. The author pays attention to the problems of legal legitimation of these strategies and the characteristics of their application by courts and executive authorities in the sphere of competition regulation. This article ...
Added: November 6, 2014
Avdasheva S. B., Golovanova S., Korneeva D. V., International Journal of Public Sector Management 2016 Vol. 29 No. 3 P. 288-306
This paper aims to explain the impact of the incentives of competition authorities concerning antitrust enforcement on the structure of enforcement and understanding of the substantive norms and welfare standards in Russia using case-level evidence.
Design/methodology/approach – The study is based on a unique dataset of appeals to infringement decisions in 2008–2012. Quantitative and qualitative analyses are ...
Added: January 28, 2016
Avdasheva S. B., Shastitko A., Post-Communist Economies 2011 Vol. 23 No. 4 P. 493-505
In recent years the role of anti-monopoly policy in Russia has grown significantly. The enforcement power of the anti-trust agency has increased dramatically. At the same time adverse trends in competition policy have emerged and strengthened. The main reason was, paradoxically, a growing role of anti-trust policy in the Russian government. The enforcement of anti-trust ...
Added: November 3, 2012
Mikhail S. Zhuravlev, / Высшая школа экономики. Series LAW "Law". 2014. No. 39/LAW/2014.
This paper deals with the issues of competition law and IP law interaction. Current Russian legislation provides absolute immunity from extending the antitrust prohibitions over the exercise of exclusive IP-rights. The idea of the article is that this approach needs to be revised. Russian court practice, legal doctrine and economic theory necessitate more flexible antitrust ...
Added: September 19, 2014
Maslennikova S., Lex Russica (Русский закон) 2016 Т. 25-CV № 1 С. 111-115
The author notes that Russian authorities have to comply with competition rules established in the legislation and current practice. The grounds are for this. President holds consultations with representatives of political parties and business. The government creates Advisory platform. Several parties represented in Parliament. Other organs included in the rules of competition as well. Although ...
Added: March 9, 2017
Avdasheva S. B., Новиков В. В., Конкуренция и право 2012 № 1 С. 22-27
Статья 1 Федерального закона от 28 декабря 2009 г. № 381-ФЗ «Об основах государственного регулирования торговой деятельности в Российской Федерации» (далее − Закон о торговле) запрещает продовольственным торговым сетям и их поставщикам «создавать дискриминационные условия». Антимонопольные органы стали активно использовать эту норму сразу после вступления ее в силу 1 августа 2010 г. Как представлялось сотрудникам ...
Added: November 7, 2012
Totyev K. Y., Законы России: опыт, анализ, практика 2010 № 8 С. 40-48
The order of federal antimonopoly body is traditional means of struggle against antimonopoly law infringements. Recently the higher judicial instances (the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation) have taken part in discussion about the legal nature of the order to transfer the illegal income). Why have ...
Added: October 19, 2012
Ivanov A., Вестник Высшего Арбитражного Суда Российской Федерации 2006 № 2 С. 142-161
Автор рассматривает общие условия возмещения вреда, причиненного в ходе конкуренции, с точки зрения соотношения норм гражданского права и специальных норм административного права, анализирует проблемы установления противоправности в конкурентном праве, а также процессуальные вопросы доказывания. ...
Added: February 19, 2018
Kasatkina A., Международное право и международные организации 2012 № 3 С. 56-66
Present article considers the issue of conflict and material regulation of international passenger carriage. In this article, a detailed analysis of national and international regulation on the transport of passengers by different types of transport, in particular deals with the classification of types of attachment and conflict of laws according to the international passenger carriage. ...
Added: October 27, 2012
Avdasheva S. B., Конкурентное право 2012 № 1 С. 5-11
Экономический анализ является важным условием снижения числа ошибок при применении антимонопольных запретов и соответственно повышения эффективности законодательства о конкуренции. В статье показано место методических приемов анализа состояния конкуренции, предлагаемых ФАС, в контексте развития теоретических представлений о конкуренции и методов ее оценки в мировой практике, охарактеризовано состояние экономического анализа в делах о нарушении Закона «О защите ...
Added: November 7, 2012
Lianos I., Gerard D., Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2018
The efficiency approach, as advocated by the Chicago School in particular, only provides a very narrow approach to competition law analysis that relies on the preferences of consumers. This approach remains especially insufficient for the regulation of firms that provide citizens with politically relevant news and information. In times of digitisation, citizens increasingly rely on ...
Added: October 13, 2017
Trubnikov Dmitrii, Revista de Direito, Estado e Telecomunicacoes 2017 Vol. 9 No. 1 P. 25-46
Purpose – The paper examines the main regulatory frameworks of the telecommunications industry through the concept of market failure and analyses how and why the policy often leads to undesirable outcomes that might be considered as regulatory failure.
Methodology/approach/design – The research uses the EU regulatory framework for electronic communications as a base for the analysis ...
Added: October 15, 2019
Kashanin A., Вестник гражданского права 2014
The article analyzes some aspects of the development of the concept of exclusive rights in French, German and American law. ...
Added: May 14, 2014