Правозащитные оговорки в антироссийских торговых санкциях ЕС в контексте дискуссии о нормативной силе

Вестник Пермского университета. Серия: Политология. 2026. Т. 20. № 3. С. 118–127.

Давранова С. Б.

This article examines the legal grounds for anti-Russian trade sanctions. The main focus is on comparing the territorial trade sanctions against Crimea with the main anti-Russian trade sanctions. The results of the analysis show that, firstly, the EU’s sanctions policy, contrary to its statements to the contrary, affects humanitarian trade in both the narrow and broad interpretations of the term. Secondly, despite the fact that the foreign min-istries of European countries were at the forefront of the process of reforming the UN’s sanctions policy in the 1990s and 2000s, seeking to make it a more "humane version", the EU, as a collective entity, lacks an under-standing of how to effectively integrate human rights concerns into the decision-making process on sanctions. As a result, the policy of humanitarian exemptions and waivers from various sanctions bans proves, firstly, to be inconsistent and, secondly, ineffective. This specific case of the EU’s anti-Russian sanctions offers an alternative perspective on the EU’s positioning of itself as a normative power, and suggests several practical conclusions on how the human rights-based critique of unilateral coercive measures could be improved within the forums of international organisations in the UN system.
 

Keywords: права человека, санкции, human rights, sanctions, normative power, Нормативная сила Европы, humanitarian exemptions, export embargoes, Crimean sanctions regime, гуманитарные исключения, экспортные эмбарго, крымский санкционный режим