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Typology of Digital Currencies
P. 121–124.
Lipatnikov V. S.
The goal of the present paper is to identify the main ways of use of cryptocurrencies and to clarify the place of cryptocurrencies in the system of digital currencies. Technological (use of distributed ledger) and organizational (absence of the center of emission) features of cryprocurrencies were identified. These features were used as a basis for a strategic classification matrix of digital currencies. Four main types of digital currencies were identified. It is demonstrated that cryptocurrencies can be divided into classic (decentralized) and centralized (collective) currencies. A description of specific features and prospects of development is given for each type of digital currencies. It is demonstrated that cryptocurrencies will mostly be used to increase the efficiency of payments, not as a substitute for traditional money. It is demonstrated that the refusal to use distributed ledger technology is not equal to refusal to use blockchain. Blockchain can be used to ensure high level of security for payment system with a sole emission center.
Denis González C., Frias Mena D., Massó Muñoz A. et al., Applied Sciences (Switzerland) 2022 Vol. 12 No. 2 Article 531
Added: September 18, 2026
Buchko A., Peresetsky A., HSE Economic Journal 2025 Vol. 29 No. 3 P. 383–406
In recent years cryptocurrencies have gained popularity: institutional and retail investors as well as different trading companies started positively looking at crypto assets. As a result, the convergence level between cryptocurrencies and the traditional markets has changed a lot. Stocks deserve close attention because they are a key asset for many investors. This article explores ...
Added: September 17, 2026
Идрисов Р. Р., Токолов А. В., Криминологический журнал 2026 № 2 С. 168–176
Provides a comparative legal analysis of the qualification of cryptocurrency offences in the Russian
Federation and the Republic of Uzbekistan. Three levels of regulation are examined, namely the qualification of
illegal mining, unlicensed cryptocurrency circulation, and procedural mechanisms for the seizure of digital assets.
It is established that the absence of specialised criminal charges in Russia compels practitioners ...
Added: August 19, 2026
Tyurkin M., Azamat A., Cham: Springer, 2025.
This chapter explores the role of tokenization in blockchain technologies. Tokenization is a key enabler of the smart circular economy and organizational sustainability. Tokenization involves converting assets or value into digital tokens on a blockchain. This process offers new opportunities to enhance resource efficiency, transparency, and accountability within circular economy initiatives. By leveraging blockchain’s immutable ...
Added: July 20, 2026
Salamatov V., Базелюк В. Н., Бизнес. Общество. Власть 2025 № 3 (57) С. 218–238
The article is dedicated to analyzing the experience of the Islamic Republic of Iran under prolonged sanction pressure that has been ongoing since 1979. The main focus is on three key aspects: historical stages of sanctions implementation, their impact on the economy, politics, and social sphere of the country, as well as Iran's methods of ...
Added: February 13, 2026
Бояров Е. Н., Социальная компетентность 2025 Т. 10 № 2 С. 42–51
The article addresses the problem of integrating new digital technologies into modern education to enhance its effectiveness and quality. The purpose of the study is to summarize theoretical and practical approaches to the use of digital tools in educational environments and to identify key directions and barriers to the digital transformation of education. The research ...
Added: December 9, 2025
Гаман-Голутвина О.В., В кн.: Альтернативы цифровизации: сохранится ли человек в цивилизации будущего?.: М.: Канон+, 2025. Гл. 5 С. 71–89.
How does the use of digitalization and artificial intelligence affect human development? The book presents the experience of interdisciplinary research of this problem, which has become one of the leading global problems of the modern world today. Philosophers, biologists,
sociologists, cultural scientists, psychologists, educators, mathematicians, experts in the field of technical knowledge and social practice take ...
Added: December 8, 2025
IEEE, 2025.
The covered topics include but not limited to
Information and coding theory,
Telecommunication technologies and networks, Internet of things systems,
Data security, blockchain and control systems. ...
Added: November 10, 2025
Ионцев М. А., Евразийский юридический журнал 2025 № 1 (200) С. 237–240
This article explores the legal nature of digital currencies and their legal definition in the context of Russian laws. The rapid development of blockchain and cryptocurrency technologies makes the importance of clear regulation of these legal relations especially relevant. The article analyses existing approaches to the legal nature of digital currency considering it as property, ...
Added: November 10, 2025
Ионцев М. А., Вестник Университета имени О.Е. Кутафина 2024 № 9 (121) С. 114–122
The article discusses topical issues related to the nature of tokens. First, the author pays attention to the proximity of the legal nature of tokens to uncertified securities, which are also a mechanism for accounting for property rights, and not an independent type of property right. Secondly, the author resorts to a comparative legal method ...
Added: November 10, 2025
Volkova O. N., Финансы: теория и практика 2025 Т. 29 № 5 С. 21–33
Cryptocurrencies are a type of financial instrument that has been widely used by financial market participants since
the early 2010s. Despite their growing popularity, their status within financial systems across different countries
remains a topic of ongoing discussion. There is still no consensus on how to best understand the economic nature of
these digital assets. This paper uses ...
Added: November 5, 2025
Khusainov G., Теоретическая и прикладная юриспруденция 2026 № 1 С. 184–197
Introduction. The swift evolution of digital asset technologies continues to outpace the development of comprehensive regulatory frameworks. In this context of legislative gaps, court rulings play a pivotal role in shaping the legal status of cryptocurrencies and mining, underscoring the relevance of a comparative analysis of their impact across different legal systems.
Methodology and materials. This ...
Added: October 28, 2025
Trofimov S., Voskov L., Komarov M. M., Бизнес-информатика 2025 Т. 19 № 3 С. 67–84
In the face of growing competition in the transportation market, companies are looking for new ways to improve operational efficiency and reduce fleet maintenance costs. This article presents an innovative vehicle technical condition management model that describes a mechanism for assessing the condition of vehicles using distributed ledger technology (DLT) and smart contracts. An information ...
Added: September 23, 2025
Teterin M., Экономическая политика 2025 Т. 20 № 4 С. 82–117
Bitcoin, Ether, Litecoin and XRP are among the largest cryptocurrencies and together have a market capitalization that constitutes a substantial portion of the digital asset market. At the same time, the cryptocurrency market differs from that of traditional financial assets because it has greater price volatility, which makes constructing more accurate forecasts of daily volatility ...
Added: September 2, 2025
Mansurov K., Semenov A., Dmitry Grigoriev et al., Computational Economics 2024 Vol. 64 P. 2585–2603
In this paper, we consider the approach of applying state-of-the-art machine learning
algorithms to simulate some financial markets. In this case, we choose the cryptocurrency market based on the assumption that such markets more active today. As
a rule, they have more volatility, attracting riskier traders. Considering classic trading strategies, we also introduce an agent with a ...
Added: July 11, 2025
Buyanova M., Законы России: опыт, анализ, практика 2025 № 5 С. 59–62
Protection of Intellectual Rights of Scientists. Problems and Application Practices The article reveals the problems of protecting the intellectual rights of scientists. It is noted that due to various legal regulations, relations to protect the right to authorship of works created by employees in the course of their work (inventions, discoveries, etc.) face a number ...
Added: June 21, 2025
Avdoshin S. M., Тарасова Д. Д., Информационные технологии 2025 Т. 31 № 5 С. 258–270
Tokenization of communities is a new field of study that has emerged at the intersection of informational technology and social and economic sciences. This paper identifies the main tools for tokenizing communities, the existing approaches to implementing these tools, the challenges of tokenized communities, and methods for addressing these challenges to develop a comprehensive system ...
Added: May 6, 2025
Afanaseva I., Sorokin P., Шаги/Steps 2026 С. 325–351
Currently, the layers of artistic reality based on technological developments and mass communication systems are rapidly expanding. Since 2021, the growth in sales of NFT-art has been continuous. Based on both a review of existing scientific and expert discussions and an analysis of individual cases of art, the article examines the basic principles of NFT-art ...
Added: April 28, 2025
Teterin M., Peresetsky A., Applied Econometrics 2025 Vol. 77 P. 74–90
Bitcoin and Ethereum are the two world’s largest cryptocurrencies. Their market capitalizations have recently peaked, making them more attractive to portfolio investors. As the cryptocurrency market is known for its high volatility nature, government institutions are also interested in this segment of the financial market for more comprehensive regulation. Volatility forecasting is a crucial part ...
Added: April 22, 2025
Teterin M., Peresetsky A., The Journal of the New Economic Association 2024 Vol. 4 P. 118–135
Since the introduction of Bitcoin in 2008, the size of the cryptocurrency market is becoming increasingly important for investors. Thus, the forecast of cryptocurrency price volatility is of particular interest to portfolio investors, as they are interested in accurately estimating the standard deviation of their portfolios to calculate the Value-at- Risk (VaR) as a risk ...
Added: January 21, 2025
Pushkarev V. V., Skachko A. V., Gaevoy A. I. et al., Revista Electrónica de Investigación en Ciencias Económicas 2022 Vol. 10 No. 19 P. 111–125
The analysis of statistical data and other figures on particular criminal cases in Russia indicate that the resources of the financial system attract criminals. Annually, the number of such crimes grows while cryptocurrency and other digital assets or rights become an object or means for committing a crime. The risk of such crimes increases as ...
Added: January 9, 2025
Chaleenutthawut Y., Davydov V., Evdokimov M. et al., IEEE Access 2024 Vol. 12 P. 24843–24854
Decentralized finance (DeFi) offers a range of financial instruments and services that leverage the capabilities of web3 technology. Maker protocol, which enables users to obtain loans backed by cryptocurrencies, is one of them. Unlike traditional banks, Maker’s data is transparently recorded on the Ethereum blockchain. In this research paper, we focus on analyzing the lending ...
Added: September 4, 2024