Вовлеченность в среду активного долголетия и опыт планирования жизни на пенсии лицами пенсионного возраста

Человек. 2024. Т. 35. № 5. С. 94–112.

Вачкова С. Н., Istomina A., Klimov I., Салахова В. Б.

Retirement is one of the most significant periods of a person's life associated with the completion of professional activity, adaptation to a new social reality, accompanied, as a rule, by a change in social roles, social status, and behavioral patterns. The purpose of this study was to study the experience of life planning in retirement, as well as to assess the involvement of Muscovites of retirement age in an environment of active longevity in six areas: work, study, hobbies, healthy lifestyle, family, social activity. To do this, a quantitative study was conducted, the target group of which were people of retirement age living in Moscow. A total of 538 people were interviewed. A street survey was chosen as the method, which was conducted in 12 administrative districts of Moscow. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that 1) Muscovites of retirement age are characterized by a low degree of development of the skill of planning their own old age; 2) the main dominant in the judgments of older Muscovites about the desired future in retirement is the arrangement of their local living space: physical (house, cottage, garden) and social (communication with significant people); 3) with the high involvement of Muscovites of retirement age in active longevity practices related to work, hobbies, sports and a healthy lifestyle, there is a low interest and degree of participation in society — in volunteer and other social activities; 4) gender differences in attitudes towards active active pastime in retirement are highlighted: women of retirement age demonstrate They have a higher interest in communication, learning, creativity, self-development, health care and, as a rule, are more involved in such activities; men of retirement age are more likely to include more masculine activities, such as repairs and construction, in the image of a desired future in retirement.

Keywords: пенсионный возраст, retirement age, активное долголетие, active longevity, image of the desired future, образ желаемого будущего, experience of life planning, active longevity practices, практики активного долголетия, опыт планирования жизни