Активное долголетие в России в условиях экономической стагнации: что показывает динамика индекса активного долголетия?

Мониторинг общественного мнения: Экономические и социальные перемены. 2022. № 5. С. 94–121.

Sinyavskaya O., Cherviakova A. A.

The article is devoted to as­sessing the international Active Ageing Index (AAI) based on Russian data for 2010­2019. The authors examine the dynamics of the AAI in Russia relative to the starting year of measurement (2010), highlight the strengths and weakness­es of active ageing according to the AAI data, and discuss the limitations of the AAI and the possibility of including addi­tional indicators. Empirically, the study bases on the data of Rosstat surveys for the indicated years (CSLC, VNDN, and some others). The authors show that in the 2010s, the potential for active aging in Russia, measured by AAI, remained virtually unchanged. The Achilles' heel of Russian aging con­tinues to be low life expectancy and poor health, exacerbated by declining access to medical and dental care and phys­ical inactivity. The strengths of active ageing in the AAI methodology include a high level of completed education and physical safety, which has improved no­ticeably. Some of the potentially vital as­pects of active ageing, such as caring for grandchildren, are poorly measured by Russian data over time. The article also shows that the indicator of independent living does not measure well the auton­omy of older people. The article outlines the limitations of the AAI associated with the operationalization of active ageing, which shifts the focus to productive ac­tivities and does not take into account, for example, leisure activities and the availability of assistance to people.

Keywords: active ageing, старение, активное долголетие, ageing, Active Ageing Index, индекс активного долголетия (иад), AAI, older generation of Russia, ИАД, старшее поколение России