Article
Язык, логика и культура
In this early paper C. Wright Mills tries to ground the possibility for the study of thinking (including logical) from the perspective of sociology of knowledge. Following G.H. Mead, he shows that thinking is a social process because every thinker converses with his or her audience using the norms of rationality and logicality common to his or her culture. Language serves as a mediator between thinking and social patterns. Proposing to consider the meaning of language as the common social behavior evoked by it, Mills finds a way to combine three levels of analysis: psychological, social and cultural.
The article justifies perspectives of studying thought genesis on the intersection of psychology of thinking and cultural psychology of personality. The model of features of mature thought is presented based on the synthesis of general psychological ideas of thinking and cultural data of thinking life of the personality. The features include problem orientation, operational complexity and notional richness of the thought. The interpretation of texts as a method of cultural psychology of personality is presented as able to enrich with unique facts and phenomena the psychological approaches to the problem of thinking, expand the cultural genesis context of this problem and expand and individualize psychological approaches to it.
This collection of articles is devoted to the problems of philology, culture, philosophy and other humanitarian sciences which are of special interest now days.
In the age of globalisation which broadly means international interaction the idea of global communication comes to the front. Communicating globally implies using intercultural links and involves cultural knowledge of business counterparts as an integral part of global interaction. Language media being an essential tool of global interaction facilitate the process of business communication provided that certain guidelines are taken into consideration.
The book describes the concepts of culture and language in the work of the austrian writer Franz Kafka.
The article discusses the scholarship, methods, and theoretical approaches that have been involved in the interdisciplinary field of Science and Technology Studies from the early 1980s through the early 2000s. It traces the changes in methodological orientations and examines the specificities of ethnographic fieldwork in the STS area, as well as suggests the criteria for evaluating the outcome of research and offers ways of its advancement.
The essay on thinking of thinking. The article is motivated by the 80-th birth anniversary of outstanding psychologist and pedagogue V.V. Davydov who was engaged, in collaboration with D.B. Elkonin, in elaboration of psychological foundations and pedagogical practices of developing education. The program he has devised focused on the advance of schoolchildren’s capacity for theoretical thinking and formation of readiness, inclination and capacity for conceptual thinking. An attempt to apply V.V. Davydov’s ideas to analysis of the thinking per se is made. Special attention is given to reflexion and intuition.
Several approaches to the concept of fatherhood present in Western sociological tradition are analyzed and compared: biological determinism, social constructivism and biosocial theory. The problematics of fatherhood and men’s parental practices is marginalized in modern Russian social research devoted to family and this fact makes the traditional inequality in family relations, when the father’s role is considered secondary compared to that of mother, even stronger. However, in Western critical men’s studies several stages can be outlined: the development of “sex roles” paradigm (biological determinism), the emergence of the hegemonic masculinity concept, inter-disciplinary stage (biosocial theory). According to the approach of biological determinism, the role of a father is that of the patriarch, he continues the family line and serves as a model for his ascendants. Social constructivism looks into man’s functions in the family from the point of view of masculine pressure and establishing hegemony over a woman and children. Biosocial theory aims to unite the biological determinacy of fatherhood with social, cultural and personal context. It is shown that these approaches are directly connected with the level of the society development, marriage and family perceptions, the level of egality of gender order.
This article is talking about state management and cultural policy, their nature and content in term of the new tendency - development of postindustrial society. It mentioned here, that at the moment cultural policy is the base of regional political activity and that regions can get strong competitive advantage if they are able to implement cultural policy successfully. All these trends can produce elements of new economic development.