Преадаптация к неопределенности как стратегия навигации развивающихся систем: маршруты эволюции

Вопросы психологии. 2017. № 4. С. 3–26.

Asmolov A., Шехтер Е. Д., Черноризов А. М.

Thanks largely to the theory of open nonequilibrium systems by I.R. Prigogine, non-classical biology of purposeful activity by N.A. Bernstein, modernist theories and new facts, found in evolutionary biology on the border of XX and XXI centuries, “the rediscovery of time” (I. Prigogine) and the rediscovery of evolution occur. Phenomenology of non-adaptive manifestations in biology, sociology and psychology, perceived as failures and errors of evolution, are involved into their interpretation of preadaptation to unpredictable future turns from background research into a figure. Based on these facts the hypothesis of preadaptation to uncertainty as navigation strategy developing systems is substantiated. It is proved that preadaptation to uncertainty is a key instrument in the generation of the redundancy of biological, cognitive, social and psychological diversity. The process of evolution, understood as the solution to different classes of problems on the uncertainty is associated with two complementary modes of dynamics to historical changes: the mode of adaptive “trends' evolution” determining stability and specialization of species-typical and socio-typical behaviors; mode of preadaptive “evolution of a revolt”, which forms prespecialization, a universal willingness to change and rise to new life forms The hypothesis of preadaptation to uncertainty is the first step towards the formation of evolutionary psychodynamics as a hybrid branch of psychology, linking it with sciences that study the unpredictable changes in the history of man, nature and society.

Keywords: адаптация, самоорганизация, система, эволюция, развитие, неопределенность, активность, избыточность, преадаптация, непредсказуемость