Предикатив или прилагательное? Русские конструкции с полувспомогательными глаголами и прилагательными (типа Я считаю нужным участвовать)

Вопросы языкознания. 2018. № 2. С. 7–28.

Letuchiy A.

Our paper focuses on Russian constructions like Mne pokazalos’ strannym, čto Fedja ne priexal ‘It seemed me strange that Fedja did not come’. More precisely, we consider syntactic properties of the instrumental case form stranny, analyze its argument structure and address the question of its part of speech characteristics. As shown below, this unit combines properties of predicatives like stranno (it is compatible with an argument clause, which is not characteristic of full forms of adjectives) and those of adjectives like strannyj (it is marked for instrumental case, while predicatives are usually considered to lack case distinctions). I claim that a possible solution that allows to explain these mixed properties is to describe a semi auxiliary like pokazat’sja ‘seem’ + an instrumental case form as a single syntactic unit (the fact that the instrumental form disfavors separation from the matrix verb and contexts where the verb is elided seem to confirm this analysis). At the same time, alternative ways of analysis are also considered.

Keywords: имя прилагательное, предикатив, adjective, сентенциальные актанты, complement clauses, predicative, syntactic control, argument raising, semi-auxiliary verbs, tightness of syntactic connection, instrumental case, синтаксический контроль, подъем аргумента, полувспомогательные глаголы, слитность компонентов структуры, творительный падеж