Article
Мыслима ли Европа без России?
Article deals with the complex and complementary relationship between Russia and Western Europe. The author shows that the loss of the inner unity of Europe can lead to the death of European culture.
Present article is focused upon two samples of Early-Modern «civil sciences»: rhetorical inquiry dealing with contingency (so called «rhetorica primaria»), and mathesis politica, traditionally referring in intellectual context of the Early Enlightenment to Descartes. Special attention is paid to the famous «new sciences», which are considered in the secondary literature as antithetical: Giambattista Vico’s scienza nuova and Thomas Hobbes scientia civilis. Drawing upon almost unknown 17th century Dutch political writings, the study examines the ways of reception of Thomas Hobbes’ civil science conceived as a rhetorical inquiry. The author also explores G. Vico alternative to Hobbes’ constructionist theoretical style.
In early 2010 Russia once again entered a turbulent period. From the system of property distribution, to structure of the political elites and relations between the Center and the regions - various spheres of Russian life are in a state of flux. Two major factors are driving this change: oil prices which are unlikely to grow the way they did in the 2000s and the rapidly deteriorating efficiency of governance. Relations between federal and regional elites, as well as public activism, are derived from these two factors and play an important role of their own. Will change take an evolutionary path or is Russia facing another revolution? The book offers a view of the Russian future until 2025 based on thematic scenarios created by an international team of Russia scholars whose expertise range from politics and economics to demographics and foreign policy.
Nella cultura universale di tanto in tanto appaiono intelletti che in un modo o nell’altro predicono i futuri cataclismi storici. Quando tali cataclismi si avverano, e persino quando sono passati, l’interesse per il fenomeno della profezia non diminuisce, in quanto essa coglie, di norma, quei tratti essenziali del fenomeno che si stemperano nei dettagli reali del processo storico. Uno degli sconvolgimenti globali del XX secolo non è solo l’orrore dei sistemi e dei regimi totalitari e terroristici che ha interessato tutta l’Europa - Russia, Germania, Spagna, Portogallo, Bulgaria ecc., - ma è anche la crisi del cristianesimo che si è manifestata con forza inaudita nel fascismo e nel comunismo. Heidegger ha osservato (nel suo studio su Nietzsche) che la sentenza «Dio è morto» non c una tesi dell’ateismo, ma un’esperienza reale ed essenziale della storia occidentale. Aggiungiamo che tale fatto empirico non riguarda solo l’Europa Occidentale, ma anche quella Orientale, in primo luogo la Russia, e che, inoltre, le conseguenze di questo grandioso cataclisma storico non sono superate nemmeno oggi. Per superarle, per vivere nello spazio storico-temporale i motivi del cristianesimo dopo Auschwitzz, che lo vogliamo o no, ci rivolgiamo a due filosofi della tragedia - Dostoevskij c Nietzsche, che hanno saputo esprimere questa crisi del cristianesimo c le cui idee si sono intrecciate nella coscienza degli intellettuali del XX secolo.
In his article the author considers Russias problems in the context of Dresden. Three fi gures of Russian culture which have infl uenced European spirituality - Bakunin, Dostoevsky, Stepun - as fate would have formulated the most important postulates of their concepts was in Dresden. Near to them the author raises the congenial fi gure of Hoffmann, Wagner and Tillich. During the Dresden uprising in May 1849 Bakunin proposed to cover the barricade Madonna by Raphael. In Dresden Dostoevsky wrote a great novel The Possessed, which depicted the dire consequences for European culture Bakunin ideas that paved the way for Bolshevism and Nazism. In Dresden at 30 years of the last century in the texts Stepun and Paul Tillich arose again the theme of demonic.
In his article V.K. Kantor considers complicated relations Russian emigres with these west-european functionaries, who have built organizations, structures, to assist survive Russian intellectuals. Author analyses this problem examining letters of F. Stepun to G. Kullmann. Author also publishes archived letters of Stepun to Kullmann.