Article
Стимулирование выходов DD-реакций из гетероструктуры Ti/TiO2:Dx пучками ионов Н+ и Ne+ на установке ГЕЛИС
We have examined conditions and parameters of irradiation of materials perspective for use in the mainstream nuclear fusion facilities for two devices of the Dense Plasma Focus (DPF) type (PF-6 and PF-1000) with a number of diagnostics in comparison with conditions expected in the first-wall materials in Iter and NIF. It is found that a so-called “damage factor” helps in modelling of the fusion reactor conditions. Optical microscopy, SEM, Atomic Emission Spectroscopy, images in secondary electrons and in characteristic X-ray luminescence of different elements, and X-ray elemental analysis, present results for a number of materials including low-activated ferritic and austenitic stainless steels, β-alloy of Ti, as well as the double-forged W (candidate material for divertor in Iter). With an increase of the power flux density of hot plasma and fast ion streams irradiating the surface, its morphology changes from a weak wave-like structure of the surface to the strongly developed one for the same material. It was melted with the appearance of the fracturing pattern – first along the borders of grains and then with the intergranular net of microcracks. At the highest values of power flux densities multiple blisters appeared. Besides, in this last case cracks develop because of microstresses at the solidification of melt. Presence of deuterium within the surface nanolayers of irradiated ferritic steel is explained by capture of deuterons in lattice defects of the types of impurity atoms, pores and oxycarbonitride particles presented in the material.
The dynamics of a two-component Davydov-Scott (DS) soliton with a small mismatch of the initial location or velocity of the high-frequency (HF) component was investigated within the framework of the Zakharov-type system of two coupled equations for the HF and low-frequency (LF) fields. In this system, the HF field is described by the linear Schrödinger equation with the potential generated by the LF component varying in time and space. The LF component in this system is described by the Korteweg-de Vries equation with a term of quadratic influence of the HF field on the LF field. The frequency of the DS soliton`s component oscillation was found analytically using the balance equation. The perturbed DS soliton was shown to be stable. The analytical results were confirmed by numerical simulations.
Radiation conditions are described for various space regions, radiation-induced effects in spacecraft materials and equipment components are considered and information on theoretical, computational, and experimental methods for studying radiation effects are presented. The peculiarities of radiation effects on nanostructures and some problems related to modeling and radiation testing of such structures are considered.
This volume presents new results in the study and optimization of information transmission models in telecommunication networks using different approaches, mainly based on theiries of queueing systems and queueing networks .
The paper provides a number of proposed draft operational guidelines for technology measurement and includes a number of tentative technology definitions to be used for statistical purposes, principles for identification and classification of potentially growing technology areas, suggestions on the survey strategies and indicators. These are the key components of an internationally harmonized framework for collecting and interpreting technology data that would need to be further developed through a broader consultation process. A summary of definitions of technology already available in OECD manuals and the stocktaking results are provided in the Annex section.