Религиозные схемы в социальных теориях

Вопросы философии. 2025. № 4. С. 27–38.

Sorvin K., Bogachev M.

The article discusses the problem of synthesis of opposing sociological theories. The principles of such synthesis are most clearly presented in Hegel’s concept of the God-human idea of Christianity, interpreted by the philosopher as a dialectical-reflexive synthesis of the principles of mono-, poly- and pantheism. The position on society as a genuine object of religious worship, substantiated in sociology, allowed the authors to put forward a hypothesis about the existence of a structural similarity between mono-, poly- and pantheistic religious teachings and sociological theories. The conducted research confirmed that the ontological and normative features of monotheistic and polytheistic worldviews identified by Hegel were respectively found in Durkheim’s object sociology and in constructivism. Their common feature turned out to be the ontological opposition: God and Man in religious doctrines, Society and Man in social theories. Such incomplete reflexivity in Hegelian theory was resolved through the doctrine of the unity of divine and human nature, connecting all elements into a reflexive trinity. In the final part of the work, the authors raise the question of the methodological conditions under which “pansociologism” could become the basis for a “triune synthesis” of antinomic social theories.

Keywords: рефлексия, диалектика, социология религии, reflection, dialectics, монотеизм, soviet sociology of religion, Г. В. Ф. Гегель, monotheism, polytheism, политеизм, Georg V. F. Hegel

Publication based on the results of: Проекции форм сакрального как априорного конструкта в социальной, политической и экономической сферах (2024)