Pro и contra социологии спасения

Логос. 2023. Т. 33. № 6. С. 29–38.

Дуденкова И. В., Kosmarsky A.

The article is devoted to clarifying the different theoretical contexts and problematic tensions that arise between social theory and theology. The authors aim to avoid engaging in a broad theoretical debate about the relevance or irrelevance of the concepts of secularism and the post-secular, and the fate of religion and religious institutions in the (unfinished) project of modernity. Equally problematic is the position of John Milbank, who explores the sociological and political implications of Christian theology. Instead, the authors seek to show the eschatological, and in this sense theological, dispositions of the social theory itself. The authors see this unreducible theological residue in the figure of alienation or self-externalization, which must either be overcome or maintained for a full control of the self. This figure of externality is captured in the notion of autonomy. The latter represents the continuous eschatological horizon of social theory and its way of answering the question “what may I hope for?” The closest philosophers and social theorists who share this view of the relationship between theology and social theory are Jacob Taubes and JeanPierre Dupuis. Although the authors of this issue may not share this view of social theory as an eschatological discipline, still, if we speak of a common leading motive uniting the authors and the editors of this volume, it is the theoretical exhaustion of the notion of secularization and the search for new possibilities of thematizing the relation between social theory and theology - by means of ontology, ethics, sociology, and economic theory. The project of such a sociology of salvation goes beyond the boundaries of political theology, because the problem of power, which is characteristic of it, has its own gravitational pull.

Keywords: социальная теория, отчуждение, автономия, теология, эсхатология, постсекулярность