Человеческий потенциал сквозь призму субъективного благополучия: специфика восприятия населением и динамика в 2000–2020 годы

Terra Economicus. 2024. Т. 22. № 4. С. 119–136.

Mareeva S., Сушко П. Е., Slobodenyuk E., Belopashentseva P.

The article explores various aspects of how Russians perceive the development and preservation of their human potential. We demonstrate that, despite some positive changes, Russians mostly view their own situation and opportunities in relation to human potential as average. This finding aligns with the overall perception of the population’s subjective social well-being. The way Russians have assessed various aspects of human potential over the past 20 years has followed a general trend in their subjective social well-being. Between 2003 and 2013, most aspects experienced positive changes. However, from 2013 to 2023, the situation stabilized and became more balanced in different groups, including those with more advantages. Today, self-assessments of human potential show the greatest differences between various social and professional groups. There are also smaller differences between urban and rural residents, and the inequality between them has decreased over the past 20 years. Similarly, the differences between groups with various levels of education and income have also been reduced. For the population as a whole, the dynamics of evaluations of human potential have been mixed during this period. The share of average evaluations has increased due to a decrease in both negative and positive evaluations for some aspects, especially the level of health. One positive change that Russians have noticed in the past 10 years is the increased availability of necessary education. The trend towards more balanced assessments and the specific way inequalities are being reduced in this area may pose new challenges for the search for a model of sustainable development based on human potential. This trend implies a relative deterioration in the situation of the most advantaged groups in terms of human potential, which could serve as a social base for this process.

Keywords: человеческий потенциал, российское общество, субъективное благополучие, self-assessment, социально-экономическое неравенство, human potential, subjective well-being, human development, contemporary Russian society, Socio-Economic Inequality, самооценка положения