Неизвестный перевод Вяч. Иванова из Ницше

Соловьевские исследования. 2025. № 2(86). С. 161–169.

Ermakova L.

This article for the first time analyzes a draft translation of selected chapters from Friedrich Nietzsche’s work “Thus Spoke Zarathustra” made by the Russian poet and intellectual Vyacheslav Ivanovich Ivanov (1866–1949). Special attention is paid to the history of the translation: Nietzsche was an important figure for Ivanov and had a significant influence on his studies, so the desire to translate his works was longstanding, but the draft published here dates back to 1919, when F.F. Zelinsky invited Ivanov to participate in a project at the «World Literature» publishing house. The project of publishing Nietzsche’s “Selected Works” was not accomplished, and Ivanov’s translation remained incomplete. Nietzsche’s style is especially difficult for any translator of his work: some other Russian translations (by Y. Antonovsky, D. Borzakovsky, and J. Golosovker) are used for a comparative analysis of Ivanov’s translation. It is concluded that only Ivanov’s interpretation can be regarded as a translation from style to style, since he refuses to translate word by word and attempts to develop a special style: this style is characterized by using bookish vocabulary and archaisms, rejection of colloquialisms and neologisms, retention of rhetorical figures and rhythm. At the end of the article, the translation is published with variants that allow us to follow Ivanov’s work on the text.

Keywords: буквалистский перевод, переводческие стратегии, стилистический прием архаизации