Социальная история евреев Иерусалима в Султанате мамлюков-бурджи (1382-1517): репрезентация общины глазами «своего» и «другого»

Восток. Афро-азиатские общества: история и современность. 2025. № 1. С. 88–99.

Novikova V.

The article is devoted to the social history of the Jewish community of Jerusalem during the reign of the Circassian Mamluks (1382-1517). The paper discusses the main problems of the research field, then explains the main conceptualisation of “returning agency to the Jewish community”. The article uses a critical case study method - the case is the Jewish community of Jerusalem. Through a meso-historical approach, an attempt is made to answer questions about whether the Jewish community of Jerusalem could have exercised its agency in the midst of a Muslim population under the administration of the Circassian Mamluks. The first part draws on the chronicle of Jerusalem by the Arab historian al-'Ulaymi (d. 1521) to examine the narratives used to represent the city's Jewish community. The second part uses letters from Jewish travellers from Jerusalem to determine how members of the community represent the Jewish and Muslim populations of the city. Through new ways of reading the medieval Arabic chronicle, it is concluded that in the Sultanate there was a demand for a more explicit social boundary between Jewish and Muslim communities in Jerusalem, the creation of a collective identity, and the construction of a particular image of authority. The analysis of Jewish sources shows a tolerant environment in the city and the possibility of socially and culturally integrating into the urban space and forming a bond with it. All the factors highlighted show that the Jewish community was not a passive actor in the social space of Jerusalem under the Circassian Mamluk.

Keywords: History of Jews, история евреев, Султанат мамлюков, military cast, Jews of Islam, военная корпорация, евреи ислама, Mamluk Sultanate, Medieval Jerusalem, средневековый Иерусалим

Publication based on the results of: Армия и военные традиции в политике, обществе и культуре арабских стран (2023)