?
Геополитический фактор и эффективность инвестиционных решений российских компаний
In modern conditions, uncertainty, both economic and geopolitical, has a significant influence on the investment decisions made by companies. The geopolitical factor can either stimulate an increase in investments or impede the implementation of investment projects. The aim of the article is to analyze the impact of geopolitical risk on the efficiency of investment decisions in comparison with economic uncertainty. Efficiency of investment decisions is understood as the reduction of companies' level of suboptimal investment, which is reflected either in over-investment or under-investment in companies. The sample consists of 187 Russian companies listed on the Moscow Stock Exchange during the period from 2012 to 2022.
The research results showed that for over-invested companies, there is a structural time shift reflecting changes in managers' opinions regarding the impact of the geopolitical factor on the implementation of investment projects. As a result, excessive investments by companies before 2017 decreased with the increase of geopolitical uncertainty, and after 2017, the opposite was observed. For under-invested companies throughout the entire research period, the geopolitical factor increased the insufficiency of investments.
State-owned companies, which under-invest, are more susceptible to geopolitical risk, while those over-invested before 2017 are the opposite. Export-oriented companies were more strongly influenced by geopolitics during over-investment from 2017, while firms with under-investment were not affected.